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Les inégalités intra-générationnelles en France

Author

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  • Hippolyte d'Albis

    (PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, PJSE - Paris Jourdan Sciences Economiques - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement)

  • Ikpidi Badji

    (EconomiX - EconomiX - UPN - Université Paris Nanterre - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

Les inégalités intra-générationnelle sont les inégalités qui prévalent au sein d'une même classe d'âge. A l'aide des enquêtes « Revenus fiscaux » et « Revenus fiscaux et sociaux » menées entre 1996 et 2014, ces inégalités sont évaluées à l'aide du coefficient de Gini et du rapport inter-décile pour les revenus avant et après la redistribution opérée par le système social et fiscal. Des modèles Age-Cohorte-Période sont ensuite estimés pour distinguer les effets d'âge et de génération. Au cours du cycle de vie, les inégalités intra-générationnelles ont un profil en cloche et atteignent un maximum à 55-59 ans. Les inégalités sont significativement plus faibles chez les plus jeunes, quel que soit l'indicateur d'inégalités retenu, et chez les plus âgés, si on les mesure avec le rapport inter-décile. La comparaison des revenus avant et après redistribution révèle que le système social et fiscal réduit plus particulièrement les inégalités chez les jeunes. Lorsqu'elles sont mesurées avec le coefficient de Gini, les inégalités intra-générationnelles augmentent significativement de génération en génération. Lorsqu'elles sont mesurées avec le rapport inter-décile, la hausse est très forte pour les revenus bruts des générations nées à partir des années 1970. Le système social et fiscal a néanmoins compensé cette hausse car l'analyse du rapport inter-décile appliqué aux revenus disponibles ne révèle pas de différence significative entre les générations.

Suggested Citation

  • Hippolyte d'Albis & Ikpidi Badji, 2020. "Les inégalités intra-générationnelles en France," PSE Working Papers halshs-02531236, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:psewpa:halshs-02531236
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-02531236v1
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    1. Hippolyte d’Albis & Ikpidi Badji, 2021. "Intergenerational equity by educational attainments in France," Journal of Population Research, Springer, vol. 38(4), pages 339-365, December.

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