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Productivité du travail : la fin du processus de convergence ?

Author

Listed:
  • Clément Bosquet

    (GREQAM - Groupement de Recherche en Économie Quantitative d'Aix-Marseille - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - ECM - École Centrale de Marseille - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Michel Fouquin

    (CEPII - Centre d'Etudes Prospectives et d'Informations Internationales - Centre d'analyse stratégique)

Abstract

[fre] Entre 1950 et 1973, un processus de convergence des niveaux de productivité du travail était observable entre les États-Unis, considérés comme le leader technologique du monde, et les pays d’Europe de l’Ouest et le Japon. Mais ce processus s’est progressivement atténué pour disparaître complètement depuis 1995. Cette étude vise à expliquer les raisons de l’interruption de ce processus de convergence. À cette fin, elle utilise les tests économétriques développés par Bai et Perron pour déterminer les dates de rupture des tendances. Aux États-Unis, la croissance de la productivité du travail accélère à partir de 1992, tandis qu’elle ralentit dans la plupart des pays européens. Le progrès technologique, lié au développement des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC), explique une partie du regain de la productivité du travail aux États-Unis, mais en revanche, il ne cadre pas avec le ralentissement de la croissance de la productivité du travail en Europe. En effet, même si son taux d’investissement en TIC est en retrait par rapport à celui des États-Unis, il s’est accru considérablement. Une explication essentielle tient à l’intensité du contenu en emplois de la croissance. Alors qu’il diminue nettement aux États-Unis, il s’accroît sensiblement en Europe où il permet de réduire le chômage de masse. Les données les plus récentes, pour l’année 2008, confirment le diagnostic de non-convergence des tendances de productivité du travail. [ger] Zwischen 1950 und 1973 fand zwischen der Arbeitsproduktivität der Vereinigten Staaten, die als weltweit technologisch führend galten, und der westeuropäischen Länder und Japans eine Konvergenz statt. Dieser Prozess hat sich jedoch schrittweise verlangsamt und kam 1995 vollständig zum Erliegen. Diese Studie soll die Gründe für die Unterbrechung dieses Prozesses erklären. Zu diesem Zweck werden die von Bai und Perron entwickelten ökonometrischen Tests herangezogen, um die Zeitpunkte der Unterbrechung dieser Trends
(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)

Suggested Citation

  • Clément Bosquet & Michel Fouquin, 2008. "Productivité du travail : la fin du processus de convergence ?," Post-Print halshs-03206905, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-03206905
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.2008.7730
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hervé Le Bihan, 2004. "Tests de rupture : une application au PIB tendanciel français," Economie & Prévision, La Documentation Française, vol. 163(2), pages 133-154.
    2. N. Gregory Mankiw & David Romer & David N. Weil, 1992. "A Contribution to the Empirics of Economic Growth," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 107(2), pages 407-437.
    3. Maury, P-M. & Pluyaud, B., 2004. "The Breaks in per Capita Productivity Trends in a Number of Industrial Countries," Working papers 111, Banque de France.
    4. Johanna Melka & Laurence Nayman, 2004. "TIC et productivite : une comparaison internationale," Economie Internationale, CEPII research center, issue 98, pages 35-57.
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    2. Bergeaud, A. & Cette, G. & Lecat, R., 2015. "Productivity trends from 1890 to 2012 in advanced countries," Rue de la Banque, Banque de France, issue 07, June..
    3. Antonin Bergeaud & Gilbert Cette & Rémy Lecat, 2016. "Productivity Trends in Advanced Countries between 1890 and 2012," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 62(3), pages 420-444, September.
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    5. Denis Carré & Nadine Levratto & Messaoud Zouikri, 2010. "Analyse comparée de la productivité des firmes européennes à partir de données comptables: L'effet pays en cause," EconomiX Working Papers 2010-11, University of Paris Nanterre, EconomiX.
    6. Catherine Bruneau & Pierre-Luis Girard, 2021. "Labor Productivity in France: Is the Slowdown of its Growth Inevitable or are there Levers to fight it?," Athens Journal of Business & Economics, Athens Institute for Education and Research (ATINER), vol. 7(1), pages 9-40, January.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • O30 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - General
    • O47 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence

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