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The contribution of human capital and its policies to per capita income in Europe and the OECD

Author

Listed:
  • Balázs Egert

    (EconomiX - EconomiX - UPN - Université Paris Nanterre - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Jarmila Botev
  • David Turner

Abstract

This paper studies empirically the effect of education policies on human capital and per capita income. The results suggest for European and OECD countries that higher attendance at pre-primary education, greater autonomy of schools and universities, a lower student-to-teacher ratio, higher age of first tracking in secondary education and lower barriers to funding to students in tertiary education all tend to boost human capital through amplifying the positive effects of greater public spending on education. Benefits from pre-primary education are particularly high for countries with an above-average share of disadvantaged students. School autonomy yields high benefits especially in countries where schools are subject to external accountability. From a policy perspective, improving the quality of the labour force and value-for-money of education policies are of utmost importance in the future, especially in European countries facing population ageing and ever increasing fiscal constraints. Prompt policy action is needed given the very long delay with which the full effect of reforms in education policy materialises on human capital and per capita income.

Suggested Citation

  • Balázs Egert & Jarmila Botev & David Turner, 2020. "The contribution of human capital and its policies to per capita income in Europe and the OECD," Post-Print hal-03252920, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03252920
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    Cited by:

    1. Solarin, Sakiru Adebola & Gil-Alana, Luis A. & Hernández-Herrera, María, 2024. "Persistence of human capital development in OECD countries over 150 years: Evidence from linear and nonlinear fractional integration methods," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 48(3).
    2. Paczos, Wojtek & Sawulski, Jakub & Leśniewicz, Filip, 2023. "How much do public and private sectors invest in physical and human capital? Towards a new classification of investments," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 1324-1336.
    3. Pernagallo, Giuseppe, 2024. "The student funding dilemma," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 30(C).
    4. Gnangnon, Sèna Kimm, 2023. "Export Product Quality and Inclusivity in Developing Countries," EconStor Preprints 274651, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
    5. Balázs Égert & Christine de la Maisonneuve & David Turner, 2024. "A new macroeconomic measure of human capital exploiting PISA and PIAAC: linking education policies to productivity," Education Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(6), pages 745-761, November.
    6. Karwowska Justyna, 2023. "Public Funding of Education in the Visegrad Group Countries in 2011–2021," Foundations of Management, Sciendo, vol. 15(1), pages 225-238, January.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;

    JEL classification:

    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • I20 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - General
    • I25 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Economic Development
    • I26 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Returns to Education
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy

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