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La place de l'artefact pour construire du sens autour du changement organisationnel

Author

Listed:
  • Isabelle Vandangeon-Derumez

    (IRG - Institut de Recherche en Gestion - UPEM - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée - UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12)

  • Johanna Habib

    (CRET-LOG - Centre de Recherche sur le Transport et la Logistique - AMU - Aix Marseille Université)

  • Frédérique Chédotel

    (GRANEM - Groupe de Recherche Angevin en Economie et Management - UA - Université d'Angers - AGROCAMPUS OUEST - Institut National de l'Horticulture et du Paysage, IAE Angers - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Angers - UA - Université d'Angers)

Abstract

Si le changement fait partie intégrante de la vie des organisations ses acteurs semblent avoir du mal à s'y engager, comme en témoignent les développements récents sur le « readiness to change ». Est-il alors possible de préparer les acteurs au changement et, le cas échéant, de quelle manière ? La littérature sur le changement met en évidence la nécessité de construire du sens afin de favoriser l'engagement dans l'action des individus (Weick, 1994). Elle insiste sur une approche narrative du processus de construction de sens délaissant la place de la matérialité et en particulier des artefacts (Stigliani et Ravasi, 2012). Ainsi, cette recherche se propose d'étudier la place de l'artefact (en tant qu'objet matériel et informationnel) dans le processus de construction de sens afin d'aider les managers à conduire le changement au sein de leur unité. Plus précisément, la question posée est la suivante : les artefacts peuvent-ils être une aide pour les managers dans la mise en œuvre d'un processus de construction de sens en situation changement ? Pour traiter cette problématique, un dispositif d'apprentissage a été élaboré proposant à des apprenants (futurs managers ou managers en activité) de construire du sens autour de leurs expériences de changement en mobilisant deux artefacts : une BD individuelle et une image collective. L'objectif de ce dispositif était double : faire vivre une expérience de changement aux étudiants à l'aide d'un processus d'apprentissage innovant basé sur l'expérience et déclencher un processus de construction de sens autour de ce qu'est le changement. Ce double objectif permet alors d'appréhender la place de l'artefact dans le processus de construction de sens autour de l'expérience de changement. L'analyse des données collectées en 2018 permet de comprendre le processus de construction de sens engagé autour des expériences de changement vécue par les apprenants et d'appréhender comment chaque artefact constitue un apport important dans ce processus. Les résultats permettent ainsi de discuter la place de l'image comme artefact, des fragments d'expérience et de la narration dans le processus de construction de sens. Ils montrent également les différences dans le processus de construction de sens réalisé par les groupes d'apprenants (Formation initiale, en apprentissage, professionnels en formation). Enfin, ils nous amènent à proposer d'étendre sous certaines conditions l'expérimentation auprès de managers en activité

Suggested Citation

  • Isabelle Vandangeon-Derumez & Johanna Habib & Frédérique Chédotel, 2019. "La place de l'artefact pour construire du sens autour du changement organisationnel," Post-Print hal-02300772, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02300772
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-02300772
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Renae A. Jones & Nerina L. Jimmieson & Andrew Griffiths, 2005. "The Impact of Organizational Culture and Reshaping Capabilities on Change Implementation Success: The Mediating Role of Readiness for Change," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 42(2), pages 361-386, March.
    2. Sarah Kaplan, 2011. "Strategy and PowerPoint: An Inquiry into the Epistemic Culture and Machinery of Strategy Making," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 22(2), pages 320-346, April.
    3. Karl E. Weick & Kathleen M. Sutcliffe & David Obstfeld, 2005. "Organizing and the Process of Sensemaking," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 16(4), pages 409-421, August.
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