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The evolution of coopetitive and collaborative alliances in an alliance portfolio: The Air France case

Author

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  • Paul Chiambaretto

    (MRM - Montpellier Research in Management - UPVM - Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - Groupe Sup de Co Montpellier (GSCM) - Montpellier Business School - UM - Université de Montpellier, i3-CRG - Centre de recherche en gestion i3 - X - École polytechnique - Université Paris-Saclay - I3 - Institut interdisciplinaire de l’innovation - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Anne-Sophie Fernandez

    (MRM - Montpellier Research in Management - UPVM - Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - Groupe Sup de Co Montpellier (GSCM) - Montpellier Business School - UM - Université de Montpellier)

Abstract

This research studies the evolution of the composition of an alliance portfolio from a coopetition perspective. Building on resource dependence theory, market uncertainty appears to be a driver of alliance portfolio formation and evolution. Scholars have previously neglected key dimensions in analyzing the composition of firms' alliance portfolios: the partner type (pure partner or competitor) and partner interactions (horizontal, vertical or mixed). We build on the coopetition and alliance portfolio literature to explore (1) the composition of an alliance portfolio and (2) its evolution over time. We illustrate our theoretical framework with a longitudinal single-case study of Air France's alliance portfolio. First, we show that when market uncertainty is high, firms do not increase their reliance on collective strategies, but they do modify the composition of their portfolio. Second, to address high levels of market uncertainty, firms rely more on coopetitive alliances than on collaborative alliances. Third, firms use more horizontal than vertical interactions when market uncertainty is high.

Suggested Citation

  • Paul Chiambaretto & Anne-Sophie Fernandez, 2016. "The evolution of coopetitive and collaborative alliances in an alliance portfolio: The Air France case," Post-Print hal-02010661, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02010661
    DOI: 10.1016/j.indmarman.2016.05.005
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Paul Chiambaretto & Ulrich Wassmer, 2019. "Resource utilization as an internal driver of alliance portfolio evolution: The Qatar Airways case (1993-2010)," Post-Print hal-02517645, HAL.
    2. Min Guo & Naiding Yang & Jingbei Wang & Yanlu Zhang, 2021. "Multi-dimensional proximity and network stability: the moderating role of network cohesion," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 126(4), pages 3471-3499, April.
    3. Chiambaretto, Paul & Massé, David & Mirc, Nicola, 2019. "“All for One and One for All?” - Knowledge broker roles in managing tensions of internal coopetition: The Ubisoft case," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(3), pages 584-600.
    4. Telg, Nina & Lokshin, Boris & Letterie, Wilko, 2023. "How formal and informal intellectual property protection matters for firms' decision to engage in coopetition: The role of environmental dynamism and competition intensity," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).
    5. Merkert, Rico & Bushell, James & Beck, Matthew J., 2020. "Collaboration as a service (CaaS) to fully integrate public transportation – Lessons from long distance travel to reimagine mobility as a service," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 267-282.
    6. Fernandez, Anne-Sophie & Chiambaretto, Paul & Chauvet, Mathieu & Engsig, Juliane, 2021. "Why do MNEs both make and coopete for innovation?," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).
    7. Youngwook Ko & Yanghon Chung & Hangyeol Seo, 2020. "Coopetition for Sustainable Competitiveness: R&D Collaboration in Perspective of Productivity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-18, September.
    8. So Yoon Yoon & Su Jung Jee & So Young Sohn, 2021. "Mapping and identifying technological coopetition: a multi-level approach," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 126(7), pages 5797-5817, July.
    9. Ming-Chao Wang & Ja-Shen Chen, 2022. "Driving coopetition strategy to service innovation: the moderating role of coopetition recognition," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 16(5), pages 1471-1501, July.
    10. Luis Miguel Bolívar & José Luis Roldán & Ignacio Castro-Abancéns & Cristóbal Casanueva, 2022. "Speed of International Expansion: The Mediating Role of Network Resources Mobilisation," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 62(4), pages 541-568, August.
    11. Bagherzadeh, Mehdi & Ghaderi, Mohammad & Fernandez, Anne-Sophie, 2022. "Coopetition for innovation - the more, the better? An empirical study based on preference disaggregation analysis," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 297(2), pages 695-708.
    12. Sascha Kraus & Fabian Meier & Thomas Niemand & Ricarda B. Bouncken & Paavo Ritala, 2018. "In search for the ideal coopetition partner: an experimental study," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 12(4), pages 1025-1053, October.
    13. Mert Tokman & Fariss Terry Mousa & Pat Dickson, 2020. "The link between SMEs alliance portfolio diversity and top management’s entrepreneurial and alliance orientations," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 16(3), pages 1001-1022, September.
    14. Asma Zgarni, 2019. "Cooperation or Coopetition Strategy: What is the Best Strategy Face to Competition’ Intensity and Strategic Capabilities?," International Review of Management and Marketing, Econjournals, vol. 9(5), pages 114-124.
    15. Carlos Devece & D. Enrique Ribeiro-Soriano & Daniel Palacios-Marqués, 2019. "Coopetition as the new trend in inter-firm alliances: literature review and research patterns," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 13(2), pages 207-226, April.
    16. Qingzhen Zhang & Wenzhe Tang & Jersey Liu & Colin F. Duffiel & Felix Kin Peng Hui & Lihai Zhang & Xuteng Zhang, 2018. "Improving Design Performance by Alliance between Contractors and Designers in International Hydropower EPC Projects from the Perspective of Chinese Construction Companies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-24, April.
    17. Foerster-Pastor Foerster-Metz Ulrike Stefanie & Golowko Nina & Hell Christian Richard & Marquardt Katrin, 2019. "Creating talent pools through coopetition: a case study on vocational training programs in Romania," Management & Marketing, Sciendo, vol. 14(2), pages 203-219, June.

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