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Nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication et performances des entreprises françaises dans le cadre d'une coopération euro-méditerranéenne : Quelles pistes méthodologiques de recherche

Author

Listed:
  • Henri Koulayom

    (BEM - CEREBEM - CEREBEM - Centre de recherche de Bordeaux Ecole de Management)

  • Zaïd Noussair

    (Bordeaux Management School (BEM))

Abstract

Dans le cadre du développement fulgurant de l'informatique durant cette dernière décennie, force est de constater que les usages et les pratiques des nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication (NTIC) dans le business sont devenus des facteurs clés de succès des entreprises tant sur le plan matériel que logiciel. L'internet rend désormais possible la mise en œuvre de nouveaux métiers de téléservices (programmation logiciel, comptabilité, saisies kilométriques, traduction, transcription audio, centres d'appel, etc.). La libéralisation des services de télécommunication en France dans le sillage d'une volonté manifeste de l'Union Européenne a ainsi exigé des pouvoirs publics de mettre au devant de la scène la question des NTIC comme facteur crucial de la compétitivité des entreprises françaises au lendemain du 21ème siècle. Etant donné que cette concurrence s'exerce manière plus exacerbée au niveau international, la problématique de la délocalisation s'invite dans un débat aujourd'hui passionné en France avec la création d'un Ministère sur la condition "Numérique". Sans prendre partie, dans cette terrible controverse, ce papier qui s'exprime pour l'existence d'un lien entre les NTIC et la performance des entreprises montre qu'a priori, les entreprises françaises qui s'investissent dans les champs de ces nouvelles technologies en terme de téléservices par une politique de sous-traitance et de délocalisation à l'étranger réalisent de meilleures performances que leurs homologues qui concentrent leurs efforts en France ou qui sont peu enclins à l'usage de ces outils ; une typologie étant proposée. Toute chose étant égale par ailleurs, après le constat d'une forte concurrence des pays asiatiques et notamment l'Inde, l'étude constate une attractivité de plus en plus grande de certains pays africains qui, en au delà de la fracture numérique dénoncée par les Nations Unies, présentent des atouts indiscutables pour les entreprises françaises puisque les handicaps liés à la barrière de la langue, du fuseau horaire et de la distance disparaissent. Dans ce groupe de pays, les pays du Maghreb aux premiers rangs desquels on compte le Maroc et la Tunisie peuvent saisir l'opportunité d'une coopération Euro-méditerranéenne pour affirmer un leadership dans une stratégie gagnant-gagnant.

Suggested Citation

  • Henri Koulayom & Zaïd Noussair, 2008. "Nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication et performances des entreprises françaises dans le cadre d'une coopération euro-méditerranéenne : Quelles pistes méthodologiques de reche," Post-Print hal-01147869, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01147869
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://auf.hal.science/hal-01147869
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    References listed on IDEAS

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