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French Biotech Start-Ups and Biotech Clusters in France. The Importance of Geographic Proximity

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  • Frédéric Corolleur

    (GAEL - Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée = Grenoble Applied Economics Laboratory - UPMF - Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Vincent Mangematin

    (GAEL - Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée = Grenoble Applied Economics Laboratory - UPMF - Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, MTS - Management Technologique et Strategique - EESC-GEM Grenoble Ecole de Management)

  • A. Torre

    (SADAPT - Systèmes Agraires Développement : Activités, Produits, Territoires - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INA P-G - Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon)

Abstract

Based on a survey of the French Biotech SMEs (see annex 1), this article examines localisation effects in the biotechnology sector. It consists of two strands of analysis. The first presents a detailed statistical survey of the French biotechnology sector. Among other things, the survey shows that a) localisation effects within France are strong, and b) French firms can be grouped into four general types of firm, ranging from ‘type 1' growth-oriented product firms, to ‘type 2' niche market players, ‘type 3' subsidiaries of larger firms, and ‘type 4' firms that have been acquired. Localisation effects differ across these firms, especially across type 1 (international) and type 2 (very localised) firms. The second strand of analysis consists of a review of the localisation and related cluster literature, with implications identified for localisation and knowledge spillovers within biotech clusters. The relative effects of the proximity of scientific centres compared to public policy on start-ups is examined.

Suggested Citation

  • Frédéric Corolleur & Vincent Mangematin & A. Torre, 2003. "French Biotech Start-Ups and Biotech Clusters in France. The Importance of Geographic Proximity," Grenoble Ecole de Management (Post-Print) hal-00424183, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:gemptp:hal-00424183
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: http://hal.grenoble-em.com/hal-00424183
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sylvie Chalaye & Nadine Massard, 2012. "Géographie de l'innovation en Europe," Post-Print halshs-00756480, HAL.
    2. Stéphane Lemarié & Marie-Angèle de Looze & Vincent Mangematin, 2000. "Strategies of European SMEs in Biotechnology: The Role of Size, Technology and Market," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 47(3), pages 541-560, March.
    3. Zucker, Lynne G. & Darby, Michael R., 1997. "Present at the biotechnological revolution: transformation of technological identity for a large incumbent pharmaceutical firm," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 26(4-5), pages 429-446, December.
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    6. Raffaele Paci & Stefano Usai, 2000. "Technological Enclaves and Industrial Districts: An Analysis of the Regional Distribution of Innovative Activity in Europe," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 34(2), pages 97-114.
    7. Vincent Mangematin, 2000. "Competing business models in the french biotech industry," Grenoble Ecole de Management (Post-Print) hal-00422476, HAL.
    8. Autant-Bernard, Corinne, 2001. "Science and knowledge flows: evidence from the French case," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 30(7), pages 1069-1078, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Claus Michelsen & Harald Wolf & Michael Schwartz, 2013. "Regional Entrepreneurial Opportunities in the Biotech Industry: Exploring the Transition from Award-Winning Nascent Entrepreneurs to Real Start-Ups," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(11), pages 1708-1734, November.

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