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Investigating the configurations in cross-shareholding: a joint copula-entropy approach

Author

Listed:
  • Roy Cerqueti

    (Macerata)

  • Giulia Rotundo

    (Roma)

  • Marcel Ausloos

    (Leicester)

Abstract

--- the companies populating a Stock market, along with their connections, can be effectively modeled through a directed network, where the nodes represent the companies, and the links indicate the ownership. This paper deals with this theme and discusses the concentration of a market. A cross-shareholding matrix is considered, along with two key factors: the node out-degree distribution which represents the diversification of investments in terms of the number of involved companies, and the node in-degree distribution which reports the integration of a company due to the sales of its own shares to other companies. While diversification is widely explored in the literature, integration is most present in literature on contagions. This paper captures such quantities of interest in the two frameworks and studies the stochastic dependence of diversification and integration through a copula approach. We adopt entropies as measures for assessing the concentration in the market. The main question is to assess the dependence structure leading to a better description of the data or to market polarization (minimal entropy) or market fairness (maximal entropy). In so doing, we derive information on the way in which the in- and out-degrees should be connected in order to shape the market. The question is of interest to regulators bodies, as witnessed by specific alert threshold published on the US mergers guidelines for limiting the possibility of acquisitions and the prevalence of a single company on the market. Indeed, all countries and the EU have also rules or guidelines in order to limit concentrations, in a country or across borders, respectively. The calibration of copulas and model parameters on the basis of real data serves as an illustrative application of the theoretical proposal.

Suggested Citation

  • Roy Cerqueti & Giulia Rotundo & Marcel Ausloos, 2018. "Investigating the configurations in cross-shareholding: a joint copula-entropy approach," Papers 1807.09346, arXiv.org.
  • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:1807.09346
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Chabot, Miia & Bertrand, Jean-Louis, 2021. "Complexity, interconnectedness and stability: New perspectives applied to the European banking system," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 784-800.
    2. Abreu, Mariana Piaia & Grassi, Rosanna & Del-Vecchio, Renata R., 2019. "Structure of control in financial networks: An application to the Brazilian stock market," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 522(C), pages 302-314.
    3. Eduard Gabriel Ceptureanu & Sebastian Ceptureanu & Claudiu Herteliu, 2021. "Evidence regarding external financing in manufacturing MSEs using partial least squares regression," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 299(1), pages 1189-1202, April.
    4. Jacopo Arpetti & Antonio Iovanella, 2020. "Towards more effective consumer steering via network analysis," European Journal of Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 50(3), pages 359-380, December.
    5. Marcel Ausloos & Claudiu Herteliu, 2021. "Statistical Analysis of the Membership Management Indicators of the Church of England UK Dioceses during the Recent (XXth Century) “Decade of Evangelism”," Stats, MDPI, vol. 4(4), pages 1-11, December.
    6. Martin Kyere & Marcel Ausloos, 2021. "Corporate governance and firms financial performance in the United Kingdom," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(2), pages 1871-1885, April.
    7. D’Amico, Guglielmo & Gismondi, Fulvio & Petroni, Filippo & Prattico, Flavio, 2019. "Stock market daily volatility and information measures of predictability," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 518(C), pages 22-29.
    8. Claudiu Vinte & Ion Smeureanu & Titus-Felix Furtuna & Marcel Ausloos, 2022. "An Intrinsic Entropy Model for Exchange-Traded Securities," Papers 2205.01386, arXiv.org.
    9. Cerqueti, Roy & Giacalone, Massimiliano & Panarello, Demetrio, 2019. "A Generalized Error Distribution Copula-based method for portfolios risk assessment," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 524(C), pages 687-695.
    10. Roy Cerqueti & Giulia Rotundo, 2023. "The weighted cross-shareholding complex network: a copula approach to concentration and control in financial markets," Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination, Springer;Society for Economic Science with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents, vol. 18(2), pages 213-232, April.

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