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Determinantes de las Importaciones en Argentina. Implicancias de la existencia de restricciones

Author

Listed:
  • Colque Santiago Marcelo
  • Pabón Loza José María

Abstract

El presente texto aborda las implicancias de las restricciones arancelarias, no arancelarias y de control de cambios sobre las importaciones que llegan a Argentina desde sus principales socios comerciales: Brasil, Estados Unidos y China, durante el período 2004-2023. La metodología empleada es la regresión simple para series temporales. En la primera parte del análisis, se utiliza un modelo log-log para estimar las elasticidades, y en la segunda parte se emplea un modelo log-lineal con variables de interacción y una batería de variables dummy. Entre los principales resultados, se observa que la relación entre el tipo de cambio y las importaciones en los casos de Brasil y China no sigue lo que sugiere la teoría económica, ya que muestra una relación positiva en un modelo sencillo. Sin embargo, al incorporar en el modelo las medidas arancelarias, no arancelarias y los controles de cambio como determinantes, se encuentra que la relación entre el tipo de cambio real y las importaciones es inversa y coherente con la teoría económica, lo que indica la existencia de determinantes relevantes que distorsionan este fenómeno. En este sentido, otro resultado importante es que las restricciones observadas en este estudio implican, en conjunto, una disminución del 16,47% en las importaciones provenientes de Brasil en comparación con el año anterior. Por otro lado, la presencia del CEPO cambiario, como lo definen Mosquera S. y Sturzenegger F. (2021), tiene implicancias negativas sobre las importaciones procedentes de China, reduciéndolas en un 91,8%, ceteris paribus. Estos y otros hallazgos se exponen a continuación.

Suggested Citation

  • Colque Santiago Marcelo & Pabón Loza José María, 2024. "Determinantes de las Importaciones en Argentina. Implicancias de la existencia de restricciones," Asociación Argentina de Economía Política: Working Papers 4721, Asociación Argentina de Economía Política.
  • Handle: RePEc:aep:anales:4721
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Santiago Mosquera & Federico Sturzenegger, 2021. "Cepo para principantes," Working Papers 151, Universidad de San Andres, Departamento de Economia, revised Apr 2021.
    2. Bahmani-Oskooee, Mohsen, 1986. "Determinants of international trade flows : The Case of Developing Countries," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 20(1), pages 107-123.
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F4 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance
    • C1 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General

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