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The Melting Iron Curtain. A Competitive Analysis of the Northwest Russian Metal Cluster

Author

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  • Boltramovich, Sergey
  • Dudarev, Grigory
  • Gorelov, Vladimir

Abstract

This book presents the Northwest Russian metal industries and the most important companies, and examines their competitiveness and future prospects. Metal industry plays an important role in Northwest Russia. Its share in the industrial output is over 20%. The transition from the socialistic economy to the market economy, and privatization have reshaped the industries. In the Soviet period metal industry produced raw material for domestic munitions, machine building and construction. After the collapse of the domestic demand, metal companies were forced to, and managed to enter the export markets. The book analyzes competitiveness employing the so-called cluster analysis approach. Relatively cheap and abundant raw materials, energy, transportation and labor force are the main components of the cost competitiveness of companies. Production technologies are, however, outdated. Productivity is low and production consists of products with low value added. In principle, the Northwest Russian metal cluster has all the necessary elements needed for a competitive metal cluster. Yet, improving competitiveness requires substantial investments, which would also help to solve environmental problems. Kirjassa esitellään Luoteis-Venäjän metallinjalostuksen eri toimialat ja merkittävimmät yritykset sekä tutkitaan niiden kilpailukykyä ja tulevaisuudennäkymiä. Metallinjalostus on erittäin merkittävässä asemassa Luoteis-Venäjällä. Sen osuus teollisuustuotannosta on yli 20 prosenttia. Siirtyminen sosialistisesta taloudesta markkinatalouteen ja yksityistäminen muovasivat voimakkaasti teollisuutta. Neuvostoaikana pääasiakkaita olivat kotimainen sotatarviketuotanto, koneenrakennus ja rakentaminen. Kun kotimainen kysyntä romahti, metallinjalostajat pelastuivat tunkeutumalla vientimarkkinoille. Kirjassa tutkitaan kilpailukykyä ns. klusterianalyysin avulla. Suhteellisen edulliset, runsaasti saatavilla olevat raaka-aineet, energia ja kuljetukset sekä työvoima antavat yrityksille kustannuskilpailukykyä. Tuotantoteknologia on kuitenkin vanhentunutta, tuot-tavuus huono ja tuotteet jalostusasteeltaan alhaisia. Periaatteessa Luoteis-Venäjällä on olemassa riittävä perusta kilpailukykyisen metallienjalostusklusterin muodostumiseksi. Kilpailukyvyn parantamiseksi tarvitaan kuitenkin merkittäviä investointeja, joilla myös ympäristöongelmia saataisiin pienennettyä.

Suggested Citation

  • Boltramovich, Sergey & Dudarev, Grigory & Gorelov, Vladimir, . "The Melting Iron Curtain. A Competitive Analysis of the Northwest Russian Metal Cluster," ETLA B, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy, number 198.
    • Handle: RePEc:rif:bbooks:198
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. von Hippel, Eric, 1987. "Cooperation between rivals: Informal know-how trading," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 16(6), pages 291-302, December.
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