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Printed circuit board family grouping and component allocation for a multimachine, open‐shop assembly cell

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  • Ronald G. Askin
  • Moshe Dror
  • Asoo J. Vakharia

Abstract

This article considers a particular printed circuit board (PCB) assembly system employing surface mount technology. Multiple, identical automatic placement machines, a variety of board types, and a large number of component types characterize the environment studied. The problem addressed is that of minimizing the makespan for assembling a batch of boards with a secondary objective of reducing the mean flow time. The approach adopted is that of grouping boards into production families, allocating component types to placement machines for each family, dividing of families into board groups with similar processing times, and the scheduling of groups. A complete setup is incurred only when changing over between board families. For the environment studied, precedence constraints on the order of component placement do not exist, and placement times are independent of feeder location. Heuristic solution procedures are proposed to create board subfamilies (groups) for which the component mounting times are nearly identical within a subfamily. Assignment of the same component type to multiple machines is avoided. The procedures use results from the theory of open‐shop scheduling and parallel processor scheduling to sequence boards on machines. Note that we do not impose an open‐shop environment but rather model the problem in the context of an open shop, because the order of component mountings is immaterial. Three procedures are proposed for allocating components to machines and subsequently scheduling boards on the machines. The first two procedures assign components to machines to balance total work load. For scheduling purposes, the first method groups boards into subfamilies to adhere to the assumptions of the open‐shop model, and the second procedure assumes that each board is a subfamily and these are scheduled in order of shortest total processing time. The third procedure starts by forming board subfamilies based on total component similarity and then assigns components to validate the open‐shop model. We compare the performance of the three procedures using estimated daily, two‐day, and weekly production requirements by averaging quarterly production data for an actual cell consisting of five decoupled machines. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Suggested Citation

  • Ronald G. Askin & Moshe Dror & Asoo J. Vakharia, 1994. "Printed circuit board family grouping and component allocation for a multimachine, open‐shop assembly cell," Naval Research Logistics (NRL), John Wiley & Sons, vol. 41(5), pages 587-608, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:navres:v:41:y:1994:i:5:p:587-608
    DOI: 10.1002/1520-6750(199408)41:53.0.CO;2-Q
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Christopher S. Tang & Eric V. Denardo, 1988. "Models Arising from a Flexible Manufacturing Machine, Part I: Minimization of the Number of Tool Switches," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 36(5), pages 767-777, October.
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    3. I. Adiri & N. Aizikowitz (Hefetz), 1989. "Open‐shop scheduling problems with dominated machines," Naval Research Logistics (NRL), John Wiley & Sons, vol. 36(3), pages 273-281, June.
    4. Leipala, Timo & Nevalainen, Olli, 1989. "Optimization of the movements of a component placement machine," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 38(2), pages 167-177, January.
    5. Christopher B. Lofgren & Leon F. McGinnis & Craig A. Tovey, 1991. "Routing Printed Circuit Cards Through an Assembly Cell," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 39(6), pages 992-1004, December.
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    1. Crama, Yves & Flippo, Olaf E. & van de Klundert, Joris & Spieksma, Frits C. R., 1997. "The assembly of printed circuit boards: A case with multiple machines and multiple board types," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 98(3), pages 457-472, May.
    2. Klomp, Cornelis & van de Klundert, Joris & Spieksma, Frits C. R. & Voogt, Siem, 2000. "The feeder rack assignment problem in PCB assembly: A case study," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 64(1-3), pages 399-407, March.
    3. Anantaram Balakrishnan & François Vanderbeck, 1999. "A Tactical Planning Model for Mixed-Model Electronics Assembly Operations," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 47(3), pages 395-409, June.
    4. Choudhury, Nilanjan D. & Wilhelm, Wilbert E. & Rao, Brijesh & Gott, Jonathan & Khotekar, Nikhilesh, 2007. "Process planning for circuit card assembly on a series of dual head placement machines," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 182(2), pages 626-639, October.
    5. Van Hop, Nguyen & Nagarur, Nagendra N., 2004. "The scheduling problem of PCBs for multiple non-identical parallel machines," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 158(3), pages 577-594, November.
    6. Ahmadian, Mohammad Mahdi & Khatami, Mostafa & Salehipour, Amir & Cheng, T.C.E., 2021. "Four decades of research on the open-shop scheduling problem to minimize the makespan," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 295(2), pages 399-426.
    7. Ahmadi, Reza H. & Kouvelis, Panagiotis, 1999. "Design of electronic assembly lines: An analytical framework and its application," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 115(1), pages 113-137, May.

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