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Attainment and Gender Equality in Higher Education: Evidence from a Large-Scale Expansion

Author

Listed:
  • Asena Caner
  • Merve Derebasoglu
  • Cagla Okten

Abstract

We examine the causal effects of the drastic expansion in Turkish higher education on the attainment disadvantage of women by using the variation in exposure intensity across cohorts and regions. The expansion increased the attainment rates of both genders but did not significantly reduce the gender gap after controlling for time trend. Studying the mechanisms, we observe that the expansion in social sciences, more than half of additional slots, benefited men and women evenly, but the expansion in engineering, about 25% of additional slots, benefited men more. The results are robust to a wide range of checks for alternative specifications, samples, and policies.

Suggested Citation

  • Asena Caner & Merve Derebasoglu & Cagla Okten, 2024. "Attainment and Gender Equality in Higher Education: Evidence from a Large-Scale Expansion," Journal of Human Capital, University of Chicago Press, vol. 18(3), pages 469-530.
    • Handle: RePEc:ucp:jhucap:doi:10.1086/729097
    DOI: 10.1086/729097
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    Cited by:

    1. Demirel-Derebasoglu, Merve & Okten, Cagla, 2022. "Gendered Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Transitioning from University to Labor Market: Evidence from Turkey," IZA Discussion Papers 15169, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Baltagi, Badi H. & Flores-Lagunes, Alfonso & Karatas, Haci M., 2023. "The effect of higher education on Women's obesity and smoking: Evidence from college openings in Turkey," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    3. Murat Demirci & Meltem Poyraz, 2021. "A Practitioner’s Guide to Handling Irregularities Resulting from the 2014 Revisions to the Turkish Household Labor Force Survey," Bogazici Journal, Review of Social, Economic and Administrative Studies, Bogazici University, Department of Economics, vol. 35(1), pages 1-25.
    4. Rogne, Adrian F. & Knutsen, Tora Kjærnes & Modalsli, Jørgen, 2023. "A college on every cape: Gender equality, gender segregation and higher educational expansion," SocArXiv xej64, Center for Open Science.
    5. Murat Demirci & Meltem Poyraz, 2021. "Post-Compulsory Schooling of Youth in Turkey during the Great Recession: A Case of Pro-cyclical Enrollment," Koç University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum Working Papers 2117, Koc University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum.
    6. Ozan Bakis & Sezgin Polat, 2023. "Wage inequality dynamics in Turkey," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 50(3), pages 657-694, August.
    7. Baltagi, Badi H. & Karatas, Haci M., 2025. "Education and fertility: Evidence from an instrumental variable approach using higher education expansions in Turkey," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • I23 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Higher Education; Research Institutions
    • I24 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Inequality
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy

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