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Systems resilience assessments: a review, framework and metrics

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  • Yao Cheng
  • Elsayed A. Elsayed
  • Zhiyi Huang

Abstract

The past several decades have witnessed an increasing number of natural and manmade hazards with a dramatic impact on the normal operations of the society. The occurrences of these hazards manifest a growing trend of uncertainty. Assessing the performance of systems under such hazards is a salient concern of researchers and practitioners. The notion of ‘resilience’ has been proposed and popularised to characterise system performance deterioration and restoration due to different hazards and threats. Substantial effort has been devoted to quantify and describe resilience from different perspectives. However, there is no generic metric for assessing the resilience of different systems under different hazards. This paper provides a review of existing approaches that quantitatively assess resilience, along with their applicable scenarios and limitations. New general and generic resilience metrics for systems with multimodal performance are proposed. Opportunities for multi-hazard resilience modelling and enhancements are presented.

Suggested Citation

  • Yao Cheng & Elsayed A. Elsayed & Zhiyi Huang, 2022. "Systems resilience assessments: a review, framework and metrics," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 60(2), pages 595-622, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:tprsxx:v:60:y:2022:i:2:p:595-622
    DOI: 10.1080/00207543.2021.1971789
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Hu, Gengshuo & Pan, Xing & Jiao, Jian, 2025. "Resilience modeling and evaluation of multi-state system with common bus performance sharing under dynamic reconfiguration," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    2. Kenneth Martínez & David Claudio, 2023. "Expanding Fundamental Boundaries between Resilience and Survivability in Systems Engineering: A Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-27, March.
    3. Kenneth Martínez & David Claudio & Jasmina Burek, 2025. "Modeling resilience and survivability as stochastic processes with techno-human-economic systems under stress," Journal of Computational Social Science, Springer, vol. 8(1), pages 1-42, February.
    4. Caputo, A.C. & Donati, L. & Salini, P., 2023. "Estimating resilience of manufacturing plants to physical disruptions: Model and application," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).
    5. Huang, Yunfei & Qin, Guojin & Yang, Ming & Nogal, Maria, 2025. "Dynamic quantitative assessment of service resilience for long-distance energy pipelines under corrosion," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    6. Xue, Longfei & Gong, Yeming & Yang, Bingnan & Xu, Xianhao, 2024. "Resilience, efficiency fluctuations, and regional heterogeneity in disaster: An empirical study on logistics," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    7. Schötz, Enrico, 2025. "An Axiomatic Approach to Evaluating Measures of Firm Resilience," Proceedings of the ENTRENOVA - ENTerprise REsearch InNOVAtion Conference (2024), Hybrid Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, in: Proceedings of the ENTRENOVA - ENTerprise REsearch InNOVAtion Conference, Hybrid Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, 5-7 September, 2024, pages 84-95, IRENET - Society for Advancing Innovation and Research in Economy, Zagreb.
    8. Kirti Nayal & Rakesh D. Raut & Mukesh Kumar & Sanjoy Kumar Paul & Balkrishna E. Narkhede, 2024. "Role of Artificial Intelligence Capability in the Interrelation Between Manufacturing Strategies and Operational Resilience," Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, Springer;Global Institute of Flexible Systems Management, vol. 25(1), pages 137-162, March.
    9. Zhou, Caibo & Song, Wenyan & Wang, Huiwen & Wang, Lihong, 2025. "Resilience Assessment of Supply Chain Networks Considering Continuously Varying Sates of Firms in Ripple Effect: A Comprehensive and Dynamic Operational-Structural Analysis," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    10. Yu, Yu & Ma, Daipeng & Wang, Yong, 2024. "Structural resilience evolution and vulnerability assessment of semiconductor materials supply network in the global semiconductor industry," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).
    11. Zhang, Yanping & Cai, Baoping & Ahmed, Salim & Wang, Chengyushu & Li, Qingping & Gao, Lei, 2025. "A resilience-driven emergency maintenance operation scheme optimization method based on risk," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 254(PA).

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