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Spatial change in urban employment distribution in Seoul metropolitan city: clustering, dispersion and general dispersion

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  • Jae Ik Kim
  • Chang Hwan Yeo
  • Jin-Hwi Kwon

Abstract

The primary purpose of this paper is to identify whether the spatial distribution of employment moves towards clustering or dispersing by examining the change in spatial distribution of employment in Seoul metropolitan city. This paper first identifies the centre and subcentres with the cut-off approach and then examines the changing direction of employment distribution by estimating both monocentric and polycentric employment density functions. For the estimation, this paper utilizes a three-digit industrial classification data for the years 2000, 2005 and 2010, which contain detailed information on distribution of employment. The main findings are as follows. First, the spatial structure of Seoul is apparently polycentric. Second, the central business districts (CBD) loses its dominance over Seoul's economy in terms of the number of employment, and the newly emerging Gangnam subcentre became the largest employment centre in Seoul. Third, the estimates of employment density functions (both monocentric and polycentric) tell us that the generalized dispersion hypothesis is not acceptable in the case of Seoul. Fourth, the pattern of spatial distribution of employment varies by industry, represented by centre-oriented, CBD-oriented and non-centre-oriented industries.

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  • Jae Ik Kim & Chang Hwan Yeo & Jin-Hwi Kwon, 2014. "Spatial change in urban employment distribution in Seoul metropolitan city: clustering, dispersion and general dispersion," International Journal of Urban Sciences, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(3), pages 355-372, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:rjusxx:v:18:y:2014:i:3:p:355-372
    DOI: 10.1080/12265934.2014.916626
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    2. Luca Salvati & Margherita Carlucci & Efstathios Grigoriadis & Francesco Maria Chelli, 2018. "Uneven dispersion or adaptive polycentrism? Urban expansion, population dynamics and employment growth in an ‘ordinary’ city," Review of Regional Research: Jahrbuch für Regionalwissenschaft, Springer;Gesellschaft für Regionalforschung (GfR), vol. 38(1), pages 1-25, February.
    3. Genevieve Giuliano & Yuting Hou & Sanggyun Kang & Eun Jin Shin, 2022. "Polycentricity and the evolution of metropolitan spatial structure," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 53(2), pages 593-627, June.
    4. Lu, Lan & Yin, Shuiying & Wen, Fuying & Xu, Qingqing, 2023. "The spatial structure of labour force employment in China’s industries: Measurement and extraction," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 472-486.
    5. Yongqiang Lv & Xinqi Zheng & Lin Zhou & Lulu Zhang, 2017. "Decentralization and Polycentricity: Spatial Changes of Employment in Beijing Metropolitan Area, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-17, October.
    6. Chen Chen, 2023. "Changes in the Spatial Distribution of the Employed Population in the Yangtze River Delta Region since the 21st Century: An Analysis and Discussion Based on Census Data," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-24, June.
    7. Kim, Hyungkyoo & Lee, NaYeon & Kim, Seung-Nam, 2018. "Suburbia in evolution: Exploring polycentricity and suburban typologies in the Seoul metropolitan area, South Korea," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 92-101.
    8. Mi-Kyeong Kim & Sangpil Kim & Hong-Gyoo Sohn, 2018. "Relationship between Spatio-Temporal Travel Patterns Derived from Smart-Card Data and Local Environmental Characteristics of Seoul, Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-18, March.

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