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Losing Focus: A Comparative Evaluation of Spatially Targeted Economic Revitalization Programmes in the US and the EU

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  • Robert Greenbaum
  • Daniele Bondonio

Abstract

Greenbaum R. T. and Bondonio D. (2004) Losing focus: a comparative evaluation of spatially targeted economic revitalization programmes in the US and the EU, Reg. Studies38, 319-334. Do large-scale regional economic revitalization programmes maintain their focus on distressed areas over time? While ignored by much of the impact evaluation literature, the question is vital to address as increased public resources are being devoted to local and regional revitalization efforts. Economic rational and previous empirical findings argue in favour of keeping geographically targeted programmes focused exclusively on distressed areas. The issue is examined by estimating probit econometric models to comparatively evaluate the characteristics of the target areas designated in three rounds of US federal Empowerment Zone and EU Objective 2 programmes. The paper finds that although the programmes were fashioned in different ways, subsequent rounds of designation on both continents greatly expanded the programmes to cover areas with less distress. Greenbaum R. T. et Bondonio D. (2004) Ne pas etre au point: une evaluation comparative des programmes de reamenagement economique cibles aux E-U et dans l'Ue, Reg. Studies38, 319-334. Les programmes regionaux de reamenagement economique a grande echelle, est-ce qu'ils reussissent avec le temps a etre centres sur les zones defavorisees? Bien que la documentation sur l'evaluation des impacts n'en tienne pas compte dans une large mesure, il est important d'aborder cette question parce que les depenses publiques affectees aux actions visant le reamenagement local et regional augmentent. La logique economique et les resultats empiriques anterieurs plaident en faveur des regions defavorisees en tant que le point central des programmes a priorite spatiale. On examine la question a partir des estimations des modeles econometriques du type probit afin d'evaluer d'une maniere comparative les caracteristiques des zones ciblees pour ce qui est de trois phases des programmes aux E-U (Empowerment Zones) et dans l'Ue (Objective 2). L'article conclut que, dans les deux continents, les phases ulterieures d'engagement ont elargi leur portee pour embrasser des zones moins defavorisees, bien que les programmes aient ete concus de facon differente. Greenbaum R. T. und Bondonio D. (2004) Verlust der Konzentration: Eine vergleichende Bewertung raumlich ausgewahlter Programme zur wirtschaftlichen Wiederbelebung in den USA und in der EU, Reg. Studies38, 319-334. Konnen gross angelegte regionalwirtschaftliche Wiederbelebungsprogramme sich uber langere Zeit hinweg auf Notstandsgebiete konzentrieren? Obschon von einem Grossteil der Literatur zur Bewertung von Auswirkungen unbeachtet, ist es unbedingt notwendig, sich mit der Frage zu befassen, da offentliche Mittel zunehmend fur Wiederbelebungsversuche am Orte und in ganzen Regionen verwendet werden. Sowohl wirtschaftliche Grunde als auch fruhere empirische Befunde sprechen dafur, geographisch ausgewahlte Programme weiterhin ausschliesslich auf Notstandsgebiete zu konzentrieren Die Frage wird mit Hilfe der Schatzung von probit-okonomischen Modellen untersucht, um die Eigenschaften der in drei Runden der foderalen Ermachtigungszone der USA, und dem Objektiv 2 Programm der EU ausgesuchten Zielgebiete zu bewerten. Dieser Aufsatz stellt fest, dass die Programme, obschon verschiedenartig gestaltet, auf beiden Kontinenten durch weitere Bestimmungsrunden betrachtlich ausgeweitet wurden, um weniger notleidende Gebiete mit einzuschliessen. Greenbaum R. T. y Bondonio D. (2004) Cambio de focalizacion: una evaluacion comparativa de programas de revitalizacion economica con focalizacion espacial en los EEUU y en la UE, Reg. Studies38, 319-334.¿Mantienen su focalizacion en areas deprimidas a lo largo del tiempo los programas a gran escala de revitalizacion economica regional? Aunque ignorada por parte de la literatura existente en torno a la evaluacion de impacto, es vital prestar atencion a esta cuestion en este momento en el que una mayor cantidad de los recursos publicos estan siendo destinados a esfuerzos de revitalizacion regional y local. La racionalidad economica y resultados empiricos previos argumentan a favor de conservar los programas con focalizacion geografica concentrados exclusivamente en las zonas deprimidas. Esta cuestion se examina estimando modelos econometricos probit para evaluar comparativamente las caracteristicas de las zonas objetivo designadas en tres rondas de los programas de Zonas de Enpoderamiento Federal de los EEUU y de los programas de Objetivo 2 de la UE. El articulo muestra que aunque los programas habian sido disenados de formas distintas, las subsiguientes rondas de designacion en ambos continentes ampliaron los programas para cubrir areas menos deprimidas.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert Greenbaum & Daniele Bondonio, 2004. "Losing Focus: A Comparative Evaluation of Spatially Targeted Economic Revitalization Programmes in the US and the EU," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 38(3), pages 319-334.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:38:y:2004:i:3:p:319-334
    DOI: 10.1080/003434042000211042
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Robert T. Greenbaum & Jim Landers, 2009. "Why Are State Policy Makers Still Proponents of Enterprise Zones? What Explains Their Action in the Face of a Preponderance of the Research?," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 32(4), pages 466-479, October.
    2. Andy Hultquist & Tricia L. Petras, 2012. "An Examination of the Local Economic Impacts of Military Base Closures," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 26(2), pages 151-161, May.
    3. Susan Mason & Kenneth P. Thomas, 2010. "Tax Increment Financing in Missouri: An Analysis of Determinants, Competitive Dynamics, Equity, and Path Dependency," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 24(2), pages 169-179, May.
    4. Bondonio, Daniele & Greenbaum, Robert T., 2007. "Do local tax incentives affect economic growth? What mean impacts miss in the analysis of enterprise zone policies," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 121-136, January.
    5. Krupka, Douglas J. & Noonan, Douglas S., 2009. "Empowerment Zones, neighborhood change and owner-occupied housing," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 39(4), pages 386-396, July.
    6. Riccardo Crescenzi & Fabrizio De Filippis & Fabio Pierangeli, 2015. "In Tandem for Cohesion? Synergies and Conflicts between Regional and Agricultural Policies of the European Union," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 49(4), pages 681-704, April.
    7. Givord, Pauline & Rathelot, Roland & Sillard, Patrick, 2013. "Place-based tax exemptions and displacement effects: An evaluation of the Zones Franches Urbaines program," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(1), pages 151-163.
    8. Clemente J. Navarro-Yáñez, 2021. "The Effectiveness of Integral Urban Strategies: Policy Theory and Target Scale. The European URBAN I Initiative and Employment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-16, June.
    9. Hooton, Christopher Alex, 2019. "The application of micro-geographic economic analysis in urban policy evaluation," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 125-135.
    10. Krupka, Douglas J. & Noonan, Douglas S., 2009. "Neighborhood Dynamics and the Housing Price Effects of Spatially Targeted Economic Development Policy," IZA Discussion Papers 4308, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    11. Richard Smith, 2015. "Empowerment for whom? The impact of community renewal tax incentives on jobs and businesses," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 52(4), pages 702-720, March.
    12. Manuel Fernández-García & Clemente J. Navarro & Irene Gómez-Ramirez, 2021. "Evaluating Territorial Targets of European Integrated Urban Policy. The URBAN and URBANA Initiatives in Spain (1994–2013)," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-18, September.
    13. Riccardo Crescenzi & Andrés Rodríguez-Pose, 2012. "An ‘Integrated’ Framework For The Comparative Analysis Of The Territorial Innovation Dynamics Of Developed And Emerging Countries," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(3), pages 517-533, July.
    14. Huub Ploegmakers & Pascal Beckers, 2015. "Evaluating urban regeneration: An assessment of the effectiveness of physical regeneration initiatives on run-down industrial sites in the Netherlands," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 52(12), pages 2151-2169, September.
    15. Sumei Zhang, 2020. "Do Research Methods Matter in Enterprise Zone Outcome Evaluations?," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 34(3), pages 299-309, August.
    16. Robert T. Greenbaum & Blair D. Russell & Tricia L. Petras, 2010. "Measuring the Distribution of Economic Development Tax Incentive Intensity," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 24(2), pages 154-168, May.
    17. Jasper Beekmans & Huub Ploegmakers & Karel Martens & Erwin van der Krabben, 2016. "Countering decline of industrial sites: Do local economic development policies target the neediest places?," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 53(14), pages 3027-3047, November.

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