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Environmental innovation activities and patenting: Germany reconsidered

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  • Tilmann Rave
  • Frank Goetzke

Abstract

This paper provides new econometric evidence on the determinants of eco-innovations by using multiple innovation indicators and by combining survey-based information and patent records at the firm level from two different time periods. We hypothesize that firms with a propensity to patent focus on future technological and market opportunities and do not directly or immediately react to incentives created by environmental policies. Based on negative binomial models, we confirm that eco-patents are stimulated by the expectation of creating technological advancement and new market opportunities. By contrast, energy cost savings can better or more easily be achieved when firms refrain from patenting and concentrate on non-patented innovations or adoption. Favorable framework conditions created by environmental policies and patent protection are also important for eco-patenting, but more in the longer term. Testing the validity of using self-reported eco-innovations, instead of patents, as the dependent variable in simple binomial probit models reveals that product eco-innovations as reported in the surveys are a relatively good proxy for eco-patents. Yet, for product eco-innovations, serving and enlarging current markets is another important reason to innovate.

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  • Tilmann Rave & Frank Goetzke, 2017. "Environmental innovation activities and patenting: Germany reconsidered," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 60(7), pages 1214-1234, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:jenpmg:v:60:y:2017:i:7:p:1214-1234
    DOI: 10.1080/09640568.2016.1213706
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    1. Jean BELIN & Jens HORBACH & Vanessa OLTRA, 2011. "Determinants and Specificities of Eco-innovations – An Econometric Analysis for the French and German Industry based on the Community Innovation Survey," Cahiers du GREThA (2007-2019) 2011-17, Groupe de Recherche en Economie Théorique et Appliquée (GREThA).
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    Cited by:

    1. Keith Brouhle & Brad Graham & Donna Ramirez Harrington, 2023. "Patents and P2: Innovation and Technology Adoption for Environmental Improvements," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 84(2), pages 439-474, February.
    2. John Enrique Sánchez Otero & Jaider Manuel Vega Jurado & Joaquín Alegre Vidal, 2023. "Factors that Influence the Development of Innovations with a Social Focus in the Firm: A Systematic Literature Review," Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, Springer;Global Institute of Flexible Systems Management, vol. 24(3), pages 341-360, September.

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