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Lessons learned from an abandoned tourism and travel blockchain project: the case of winding tree

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  • Horst Treiblmaier

    (Modul University Vienna)

Abstract

We present the case of Winding Tree, an ambitious blockchain project that set out in 2017 to radically transform the tourism and travel industry. In 2024, they finally gave up, leaving behind a wealth of experience from which others can benefit. We use a rigorous case study approach to process and structure the remnants of Winding Tree. We thoroughly analyzed publicly available material, conducted a quantitative study with 86 respondents, and interviewed 19 key stakeholders. The results outline the key factors responsible for Winding Tree’s ultimate failure. Additionally, we assess the findings in the light of popular theories and provide suggestions for refining existing theoretical frameworks. We end with concrete recommendations for practitioners on how future endeavors in this area can avoid the identified pitfalls and encourage academics to apply the refined theories to better explain the progress of digital transformation in the tourism and travel industry.

Suggested Citation

  • Horst Treiblmaier, 2025. "Lessons learned from an abandoned tourism and travel blockchain project: the case of winding tree," Information Technology & Tourism, Springer, vol. 27(3), pages 767-795, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:infott:v:27:y:2025:i:3:d:10.1007_s40558-025-00326-2
    DOI: 10.1007/s40558-025-00326-2
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marco Valeri & Rodolfo Baggio, 2021. "A critical reflection on the adoption of blockchain in tourism," Information Technology & Tourism, Springer, vol. 23(2), pages 121-132, June.
    2. Sreejith Balasubramanian & Jaspreet Singh Sethi & Shalini Ajayan & Cody Morris Paris, 2022. "An enabling Framework for Blockchain in Tourism," Information Technology & Tourism, Springer, vol. 24(2), pages 165-179, June.
    3. Andreas Strebinger & Horst Treiblmaier, 2022. "Profiling early adopters of blockchain-based hotel booking applications: demographic, psychographic, and service-related factors," Information Technology & Tourism, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 1-30, March.
    4. Muddassar Sarfraz & Kausar Fiaz Khawaja & Heesup Han & Antonio Ariza-Montes & Juan Manuel Arjona-Fuentes, 2023. "Sustainable supply chain, digital transformation, and blockchain technology adoption in the tourism sector," Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-13, December.
    5. Roberto Leonardo Rana & Nino Adamashvili & Caterina Tricase, 2022. "The Impact of Blockchain Technology Adoption on Tourism Industry: A Systematic Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-17, June.
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