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Interaction between education and income on the risk of all-cause mortality: prospective results from the MOLI-SANI study

Author

Listed:
  • Marialaura Bonaccio

    (IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED)

  • Augusto Di Castelnuovo

    (IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED)

  • Simona Costanzo

    (IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED)

  • Mariarosaria Persichillo

    (IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED)

  • Maria Benedetta Donati

    (IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED)

  • Giovanni de Gaetano

    (IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED)

  • Licia Iacoviello

    (IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED)

Abstract

Objectives To investigate the separate and inter-related associations of education and household income in relation to all-cause mortality. Methods Prospective study on 16,247 men and women (≥35 years), a sub-sample of the MOLI-SANI cohort that had been randomly recruited within an Italian general population. Both education and income were used as categorical variables. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated by Cox-proportional hazard models. Results Over a median follow-up of 7.7 years (125,016 person-years), 694 deaths were ascertained. Either education (HR = 0.68; 95 % CI 0.51–0.91) or income (HR = 0.57; 0.42–0.77) was inversely associated with mortality. After simultaneous adjustment, the association of education appeared to be largely explained by income. A significant interaction between both variables was found (p = 0.0078). The inverse association with mortality was stronger when a higher income was combined with a higher educational level (HR = 0.59; 0.38–0.92 for the highest combination of the two indicators). Conclusions Either education or income was the predictor of mortality in a large sample of the Italian population. The two variables significantly interacted and the inverse association of income with mortality tended to be stronger within higher education groups.

Suggested Citation

  • Marialaura Bonaccio & Augusto Di Castelnuovo & Simona Costanzo & Mariarosaria Persichillo & Maria Benedetta Donati & Giovanni de Gaetano & Licia Iacoviello, 2016. "Interaction between education and income on the risk of all-cause mortality: prospective results from the MOLI-SANI study," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 61(7), pages 765-776, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:ijphth:v:61:y:2016:i:7:d:10.1007_s00038-016-0822-z
    DOI: 10.1007/s00038-016-0822-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marialaura Bonaccio & Augusto Di Castelnuovo & George Pounis & Amalia De Curtis & Simona Costanzo & Mariarosaria Persichillo & Chiara Cerletti & Maria Benedetta Donati & Giovanni de Gaetano & Licia Ia, 2017. "Relative contribution of health-related behaviours and chronic diseases to the socioeconomic patterning of low-grade inflammation," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 62(5), pages 551-562, June.

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