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Breast-feeding in Geneva: Prevalence, duration and determinants

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  • Paul Bouvier
  • André Rougemont

Abstract

La prévalence, la durée et les déterminants de l'allaitement maternel ont été mesurés par une enquête téléphonique auprès de familles vivant dans le canton de Genève, entre août et décembre 1993. 278 familles ont participé à l'étude, sur 320 familles ayant un numéro de téléphone à Genève et provenant d'un échantillon aléatoire de familles ayant eu une naissance dans les 15 mois précédents. La prévalence de l'allaitement maternel au premier jour de vie était de 93.3%; à 3 mois, 62.5%; à 4 mois 51.1%, à 6 mois 28.1%. La durée médiane était 4.2 mois. Pour l'allaitement complet (exclusif ou prédominant), les résultats étaient: 1 jour 87.3%, 3 mois 37.5%, 4 mois 19.4%, 6 mois 3.8%; durée médiane 2.4 mois. La prévalence initiale de l'allaitement maternel était significativement plus élevée chez les filles (97.2%) que chez les garçons (89.4%, p>0.01). La durée de l'allaitement était plus brève chez les enfants dont la mère fumait (p>0.001), avec des risques relatifs de nonallaitement à 4 mois de 1.53 (intervalles de confiance à 95% 1.20–1.96) pour moins de 15 cigarettes par jour durant la grossesse, et 3.65 (2.19–6.09) pour 15 cigarettes ou plus. La durée de l'allaitement était plus brève si la mère travaillait comme employée. La prévalence et la durée étaient plus élevées si la mère était originaire d'Afrique, d'Asie, du Moyen-Orient, ou d'Amérique Latine. Bien que la prévalence initiale de l'allaitement maternel était relativement élevée, la moitié seulement des enfants étaient allaités à 4 mois. Des efforts de promotion sont nécessaire pour augmenter la durée de l'allaitement, en particulier par une protection maternelle. D'autres études seraient nécessaires pour clarifier les différences d'allaitement entre les sexes. Copyright Birkhäuser Verlag 1998

Suggested Citation

  • Paul Bouvier & André Rougemont, 1998. "Breast-feeding in Geneva: Prevalence, duration and determinants," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 43(3), pages 116-123, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:ijphth:v:43:y:1998:i:3:p:116-123
    DOI: 10.1007/BF01359719
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mansbach, Ivonne Kleinfeld & Greenbaum, Charles W. & Sulkes, Jaqueline, 1991. "Onset and duration of breast feeding among Israeli mothers: Relationships with smoking and type of delivery," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 33(12), pages 1391-1397, January.
    2. Siskind, V. & Del Mar, C. & Schofield, F., 1993. "Infant feeding in Queensland, Australia: Long-term trends," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 83(1), pages 103-106.
    3. Perez-Escamilla, R. & Pollitt, E. & Lonnerdal, B. & Dewey, K.G., 1994. "Infant feeding policies in maternity wards and their effect on breast- feeding success: An analytical overview," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 84(1), pages 89-97.
    4. Paul Bouvier & Danielle Lecomte & André Rougemont, 1997. "Position ventrale de sommeil et autres facteurs de risque du syndrome de mort subite du nourrisson: Une étude de prévalence à Genève," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 42(2), pages 121-127, March.
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