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Development of Indian motorcycle driving cycles, evaluation for fuel economy and emissions

Author

Listed:
  • Masilamani Sithananthan

    (Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
    Indian Oil Corporation Limited, R&D Center)

  • Ravindra Kumar

    (CSIR-Central Road Research Institute)

  • Deepak Saxena

    (Indian Oil Corporation Limited, R&D Center)

Abstract

Emissions reductions from automotive vehicles are significant in protecting the environment. This study presents the development of new Indian motorcycle driving cycles (IMDC-1 & IMDC-2) based on the maximum speed and average speed of micro-trips. Time-speed data were collected using popular make motorcycles fitted with GPS on four different routes in Delhi-National Capital Region (NCR). The new IMDC cycles are comparable to WMTC when comparing the driving cycle parameters; however, they differ significantly from WMTC with a higher rate of acceleration and decoration. The fuel economy of new cycles was lower with higher CO and HC with insignificant change in NOx emissions compared to WMTC. The higher emissions with fuel penalty may be due to the higher rate of acceleration and deceleration experienced by the vehicles on Indian roads. Compared to WMTC, the IMDC cycles were found severe and very close to on-road driving patterns on comparing the driving cycle parameters; this indicates that the new cycles represent the real-world driving patterns experienced by vehicles in India. The new WMTC cycles can estimate realistic emissions factors that will support policymakers to form a new framework to reduce vehicular emissions to protect the environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Masilamani Sithananthan & Ravindra Kumar & Deepak Saxena, 2024. "Development of Indian motorcycle driving cycles, evaluation for fuel economy and emissions," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(3), pages 7015-7053, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:26:y:2024:i:3:d:10.1007_s10668-023-02997-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-023-02997-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ntziachristos, L. & Mellios, G. & Tsokolis, D. & Keller, M. & Hausberger, S. & Ligterink, N.E. & Dilara, P., 2014. "In-use vs. type-approval fuel consumption of current passenger cars in Europe," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 403-411.
    2. Triluck Kusalaphirom & Thaned Satiennam & Wichuda Satiennam & Atthapol Seedam, 2022. "Development of a Real-World Eco-Driving Cycle for Motorcycles," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-14, May.
    3. José Ignacio Huertas & Luis Felipe Quirama & Michael Giraldo & Jenny Díaz, 2019. "Comparison of Three Methods for Constructing Real Driving Cycles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-15, February.
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