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Biomass pyrolysis: past, present, and future

Author

Listed:
  • Tamer Y. A. Fahmy

    (National Research Center)

  • Yehia Fahmy

    (National Research Center)

  • Fardous Mobarak

    (National Research Center)

  • Mohamed El-Sakhawy

    (National Research Center)

  • Ragab E. Abou-Zeid

    (National Research Center)

Abstract

Biomass pyrolysis is a promising renewable sustainable source of fuels and petrochemical substitutes. It may help in compensating the progressive consumption of fossil-fuel reserves. The present article outlines biomass pyrolysis. Various types of biomass used for pyrolysis are encompassed, e.g., wood, agricultural residues, sewage. Categories of pyrolysis are outlined, e.g., flash, fast, and slow. Emphasis is laid on current and future trends in biomass pyrolysis, e.g., microwave pyrolysis, solar pyrolysis, plasma pyrolysis, hydrogen production via biomass pyrolysis, co-pyrolysis of biomass with synthetic polymers and sewage, selective preparation of high-valued chemicals, pyrolysis of exotic biomass (coffee grounds and cotton shells), comparison between algal and terrestrial biomass pyrolysis. Specific future prospects are investigated, e.g., preparation of supercapacitor biochar materials by one-pot one-step pyrolysis of biomass with other ingredients, and fabricating metallic catalysts embedded on biochar for removal of environmental contaminants. The authors predict that combining solar pyrolysis with hydrogen production would be the eco-friendliest and most energetically feasible process in the future. Since hydrogen is an ideal clean fuel, this process may share in limiting climate changes due to CO2 emissions. Graphical Abstract

Suggested Citation

  • Tamer Y. A. Fahmy & Yehia Fahmy & Fardous Mobarak & Mohamed El-Sakhawy & Ragab E. Abou-Zeid, 2020. "Biomass pyrolysis: past, present, and future," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(1), pages 17-32, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:22:y:2020:i:1:d:10.1007_s10668-018-0200-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-018-0200-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Huang, Xiaoyuan & Cheng, Dang-guo & Chen, Fengqiu & Zhan, Xiaoli, 2016. "Reaction pathways of hemicellulose and mechanism of biomass pyrolysis in hydrogen plasma: A density functional theory study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(PA), pages 490-497.
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    5. Tanksale, Akshat & Beltramini, Jorge Norberto & Lu, GaoQing Max, 2010. "A review of catalytic hydrogen production processes from biomass," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 166-182, January.
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