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How are Immigrant Children in Sweden Faring? Mean Income, Affluence and Poverty Since the 1980s

Author

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  • Björn Gustafsson

    (University of Gothenburg
    Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA))

  • Torun Österberg

    (University of Gothenburg)

Abstract

This article presents new research on income-based child indicators for immigrant children from 17 different national backgrounds and children of parents born in Sweden observed during the 3-year periods 1983–85, 1995–97 and 2008–10. This research examines mean household income, representation at the top of the income distribution and relative poverty differ for immigrant children from the corresponding levels among children with native born parents. Most of the analysis is concentrated on the second generation of immigrant children. It is shown that the relative position of immigrant children deteriorated between 1983–85 and 1995–97 when the labour market situation of immigrant parents weakened more than among native born parents. Changes thereafter were more complex. Children born in Sweden to parents from Denmark, Norway or Germany were as likely as children of native born parents to be observed at the top of the income distribution in contrast to children of parents from countries with middle or low human development. Poverty rates among immigrant children were higher among all categories of immigrant children in 2008–10 than among children of native born parents. These cross origin differences in income-based child indicators can be attributed to the reasons and qualifications parents had when they entered Sweden and the number of years since their immigration. A majority of children living in Sweden that are classified as poor in 2008–10 were immigrant children of various categories.

Suggested Citation

  • Björn Gustafsson & Torun Österberg, 2018. "How are Immigrant Children in Sweden Faring? Mean Income, Affluence and Poverty Since the 1980s," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 11(1), pages 329-353, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:chinre:v:11:y:2018:i:1:d:10.1007_s12187-016-9416-9
    DOI: 10.1007/s12187-016-9416-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Matthew Lindquist & Gabriella Sjögren Lindquist, 2012. "The dynamics of child poverty in Sweden," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 25(4), pages 1423-1450, October.
    2. Mariam Camarero & Josep Lluís Carrion‐i‐Silvestre & Cecilio Tamarit, 2015. "The Relationship Between Debt Level And Fiscal Sustainability In Organization For Economic Cooperation And Development Countries," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 53(1), pages 129-149, January.
    3. Taryn Ann Galloway & Björn Gustafsson & Peder J. Pedersen & Torun Österberg, 2015. "Immigrant Child Poverty – The Achilles Heel of the Scandinavian Welfare State," Research on Economic Inequality, in: Measurement of Poverty, Deprivation, and Economic Mobility, volume 23, pages 185-219, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    4. Gerry Redmond & Ilan Katz, 2009. "Review of the Circumstances among Children in Iimmigrant Families in Australia," Papers inwopa573, Innocenti Working Papers.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ognjen Obućina & Ilari Ilmakunnas, 2020. "Poverty and Overcrowding among Immigrant Children in an Emerging Destination: Evidence from Finland," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 13(6), pages 2031-2053, December.
    2. Anna Oksuzyan & Sven Drefahl & Jennifer Caputo & Siddartha Aradhya, 2023. "Is it Better to Intermarry? Immigration Background of Married Couples and Suicide Risk Among Native-Born and Migrant Persons in Sweden," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 39(1), pages 1-26, December.

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