IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/socpsy/v65y2019i6p488-495.html

PTSD as a consequence of past conflict experience, recent exposure to violence and economic marginalization in post-conflict contexts: A study from Nepal, Guatemala and Northern Ireland

Author

Listed:
  • Arne H Eide
  • Karin Dyrstad

Abstract

Background: Exposure to war and conflict increases the risk of mental health problems. Poor living conditions are known to negatively impact mental health. Hypothesis: It is hypothesized that exposure to negative events after armed conflict interacts with past negative experiences, socioeconomic factors and current mental health problems. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out in three contexts of previous internal armed conflict: Nepal, Guatemala and Northern Ireland. Three nationally representative samples were drawn, comprising a net sample of 3,229 respondents. Results: Both recent negative events and past negative events linked to the previous conflicts were found to be associated with elevated risk of post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSD). Economic marginalization and urban residency also contributed to current risk of PTSD. Conclusions: The results support the study hypothesis that both past and recent negative events in combination with economic marginalization contribute to explain current risk of PTSD. It is necessary both to improve living conditions more broadly and to establish and develop health services that have the capacity to screen, prevent and treat mental health problems also in poor contexts, in particular against a background of previous armed conflict.

Suggested Citation

  • Arne H Eide & Karin Dyrstad, 2019. "PTSD as a consequence of past conflict experience, recent exposure to violence and economic marginalization in post-conflict contexts: A study from Nepal, Guatemala and Northern Ireland," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 65(6), pages 488-495, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:socpsy:v:65:y:2019:i:6:p:488-495
    DOI: 10.1177/0020764019858122
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0020764019858122
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/0020764019858122?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Helge Brunborg & Ewa Tabeau, 2005. "The Demography of Conflict and Violence," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 21(2), pages 129-130, June.
    2. Helge Brunborg & Ewa Tabeau, 2005. "Demography of Conflict and Violence: An Emerging Field," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 21(2), pages 131-144, June.
    3. Miller, Kenneth E. & Rasmussen, Andrew, 2010. "War exposure, daily stressors, and mental health in conflict and post-conflict settings: Bridging the divide between trauma-focused and psychosocial frameworks," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 70(1), pages 7-16, January.
    4. repec:wbk:wbpubs:13938 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Kruk, Margaret E. & Freedman, Lynn P. & Anglin, Grace A. & Waldman, Ronald J., 2010. "Rebuilding health systems to improve health and promote statebuilding in post-conflict countries: A theoretical framework and research agenda," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 70(1), pages 89-97, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Martin Robinson & Emanuele Fino & Gülseli Baysu & Rhiannon N Turner & Natasha I Bloch & Donncha Hanna & Chérie Armour, 2025. "Trauma and identity predictors of ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD in a trauma-exposed Colombian sample," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 71(3), pages 469-478, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Peter Tammes, 2017. "Surviving the Holocaust: Socio-demographic Differences Among Amsterdam Jews," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 33(3), pages 293-318, July.
    2. Kevin Thomas, 2010. "Family Contexts and Schooling Disruption among Orphans in Post-Genocide Rwanda," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 29(6), pages 819-842, December.
    3. Seguin, Maureen & Lewis, Ruth & Amirejibi, Tinatin & Razmadze, Mariam & Makhashvili, Nino & Roberts, Bayard, 2016. "Our flesh is here but our soul stayed there: A qualitative study on resource loss due to war and displacement among internally-displaced women in the Republic of Georgia," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 239-247.
    4. Hinton, Devon E. & Nickerson, Angela & Bryant, Richard A., 2011. "Worry, worry attacks, and PTSD among Cambodian refugees: A path analysis investigation," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 72(11), pages 1817-1825, June.
    5. Sophie Witter & Maja Jakobsen, 2017. "Choices for spending government revenue: New African oil, gas, and mining economies," WIDER Working Paper Series 150, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    6. Jayawickreme, Nuwan & Mootoo, Candace & Fountain, Christine & Rasmussen, Andrew & Jayawickreme, Eranda & Bertuccio, Rebecca F., 2017. "Post-conflict struggles as networks of problems: A network analysis of trauma, daily stressors and psychological distress among Sri Lankan war survivors," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 119-132.
    7. Panter-Brick, Catherine & Eggerman, Mark, 2018. "The field of medical anthropology in Social Science & Medicine," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 233-239.
    8. Kathleen Ford & Aree Jampaklay & Aphichat Chamatrithirong, 2022. "Psychiatric symptoms among migrants to Malaysia from the southernmost provinces of Thailand," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 68(3), pages 533-540, May.
    9. Eggerman, Mark & Panter-Brick, Catherine, 2010. "Suffering, hope, and entrapment: Resilience and cultural values in Afghanistan," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 71(1), pages 71-83, July.
    10. Mora-García, Claudio A. & Prem, Mounu & Rodríguez-Lesmes, Paul & Vargas, Juan F., 2025. "Health workforce reallocation in the aftermath of conflict: Evidence from Colombia," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    11. Michelle L. O’Brien, 2021. "The Consequences of the Tajikistani Civil War for Abortion and Miscarriage," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 40(5), pages 1061-1084, October.
    12. Kathleen Ford & Aree Jampaklay & Aphichat Chamratrithirong, 2018. "Coming of age in a conflict area: Mental health, education, employment, migration and family formation in the southernmost provinces of Thailand," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 64(3), pages 225-234, May.
    13. Kathleen Ford & Aree Jampaklay & Aphichat Chamratrithirong, 2017. "Mental health in a conflict area: Migration, economic stress and religiosity in the three southernmost provinces of Thailand," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 63(2), pages 91-98, March.
    14. Arakelyan, Stella & Jailobaeva, Kanykey & Dakessian, Arek & Diaconu, Karin & Caperon, Lizzie & Strang, Alison & Bou-Orm, Ibrahim R. & Witter, Sophie & Ager, Alastair, 2021. "The role of trust in health-seeking for non-communicable disease services in fragile contexts: A cross-country comparative study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 291(C).
    15. Bertone, Maria Paola & Jowett, Matthew & Dale, Elina & Witter, Sophie, 2019. "Health financing in fragile and conflict-affected settings: What do we know, seven years on?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 232(C), pages 209-219.
    16. Jordans, M.J.D. & Tol, W.A. & Komproe, I.H., 2011. "Mental health interventions for children in adversity: Pilot-testing a research strategy for treatment selection in low-income settings," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 73(3), pages 456-466, August.
    17. Aylin Demirli Yıldız & Dagmar Strohmeier, 2024. "The Role of Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms and Post Migration Life Difficulties for Future Aspirations of Iraqi and Syrian Asylum Seekers," SAGE Open, , vol. 14(2), pages 21582440241, April.
    18. Gelkopf, Marc & Berger, Rony & Bleich, Avraham & Silver, Roxane Cohen, 2012. "Protective factors and predictors of vulnerability to chronic stress: A comparative study of 4 communities after 7 years of continuous rocket fire," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 74(5), pages 757-766.
    19. Aarethun, V. & Sandal, G.M. & Guribye, E. & Markova, V. & Bye, H.H., 2021. "Explanatory models and help-seeking for symptoms of PTSD and depression among Syrian refugees," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    20. Massimiliano Bratti & Mariapia Mendola & Alfonso Miranda, 2015. "Hard to Forget: the Long-Lasting Impact of War on Mental Health," Development Working Papers 388, Centro Studi Luca d'Agliano, University of Milano.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:socpsy:v:65:y:2019:i:6:p:488-495. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.