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The Clash of Civilizations and the Interaction between Fear and Hatred

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  • Syed Mansoob Murshed

Abstract

This paper models conflictive interaction between a West European state and a domestic dissident immigrant Muslim minority group in terms of fear and hatred. The genesis and production of both phenomena are modelled. Identity is crucial and provides the micro-foundations of dissident Muslim behaviour by solving the collective action problem; however, complex multiple identities are possible. Hatred of the West arises both because of the economic disadvantage experienced by Muslims in Europe, as well as historical grievances and contemporary foreign policy deemed to be against the Muslim world. The fear of visible Muslim minorities among the European host population may be partially a result of strident propaganda. The innovations of this paper lie in modelling the interaction between fear (treated like a public good) and hatred (a club good), as well as allowing multiple identities amongst dissidents. Policy implications include creating space allowing Muslim migrants to merge their cultural background with their adopted European identity, and redressing some of the economic disadvantage experienced by Muslims.

Suggested Citation

  • Syed Mansoob Murshed, 2011. "The Clash of Civilizations and the Interaction between Fear and Hatred," International Area Studies Review, Center for International Area Studies, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, vol. 14(1), pages 31-48, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:intare:v:14:y:2011:i:1:p:31-48
    DOI: 10.1177/223386591101400102
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. George A. Akerlof & Rachel E. Kranton, 2000. "Economics and Identity," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 115(3), pages 715-753.
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    3. Frances Stewart, 2000. "Crisis Prevention: Tackling Horizontal Inequalities," Oxford Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(3), pages 245-262.
    4. Edward L. Glaeser, 2005. "The Political Economy of Hatred," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 120(1), pages 45-86.
    5. George A. Akerlof & Rachel E. Kranton, 2005. "Identity and the Economics of Organizations," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 19(1), pages 9-32, Winter.
    6. George A. Akerlof & Rachel E. Kranton, 2008. "Identity, Supervision, and Work Groups," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 98(2), pages 212-217, May.
    7. Charles M. Tiebout, 1956. "A Pure Theory of Local Expenditures," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 64, pages 416-416.
    8. Frances Stewart, 2009. "A Global View of Horizontal Inequalities: Inequalities Experienced by Muslims Worldwide," Research Working Papers 13, MICROCON - A Micro Level Analysis of Violent Conflict.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mushed, Syed Mansoob & Tadjoeddin, Mohammad Zulfan, 2015. "Political economy of the Indonesian mass killing of 1965-1966," MPRA Paper 64878, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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