IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/envira/v40y2008i2p283-302.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Patterning in Urban Population Densities: A Spatiotemporal Model Compared with Toronto 1971–2001

Author

Listed:
  • Hugh Millward

    (Department of Geography, Saint Mary's University Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada)

  • Trudi Bunting

    (Department of Geography, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

Abstract

We build on the literature on population-density distributions, but translate the consensus cross-sectional progression into a three-dimensional and six-stage geographic information system (GIS) based ‘volcano’ model. Visual comparison and descriptive statistics show Toronto's recent density patterns to be very similar to those suggested by the model: the central density cluster has reversed its decline, while peripheral clusters have developed at increasing distances from downtown. Local autocorrelation (LISA) allowed areas of significant clustering and diversity to be mapped, and strong conformity was found between the model and Toronto's empirical patterns. Overall, density levels throughout the metropolitan area are homogenizing and randomizing, even while inner-city redensification and peripheral densification proceed.

Suggested Citation

  • Hugh Millward & Trudi Bunting, 2008. "Patterning in Urban Population Densities: A Spatiotemporal Model Compared with Toronto 1971–2001," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 40(2), pages 283-302, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:envira:v:40:y:2008:i:2:p:283-302
    DOI: 10.1068/a38498
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1068/a38498
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1068/a38498?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Stern, David I, 1994. "Historical Path-Dependence of the Urban Population Density Gradient," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 28(2), pages 197-222.
    2. Pierre Filion, 2001. "Suburban Mixed-Use Centres and Urban Dispersion: What Difference do they Make?," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 33(1), pages 141-160, January.
    3. Papageorgiou, Yorgos Y. & Pines, David, 1989. "The exponential density function: First principles, comparative statics, and empirical evidence," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 26(2), pages 264-268, September.
    4. Richardson, Harry W, 1988. "Monocentric vs. Policentric Models: The Future of Urban Economics in Regional Science," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 22(2), pages 1-12, July.
    5. McDonald, John F., 1989. "Econometric studies of urban population density: A survey," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 26(3), pages 361-385, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Gao, Liang & Miao, Yanan & Qin, Yuhao & Zhao, Xiaomei & Gao, Zi-You, 2015. "Finding topological center of a geographic space via road network," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 419(C), pages 128-133.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. T. Bunting & P. Filion & H. Priston, 2002. "Density Gradients in Canadian Metropolitan Regions, 1971-96: Differential Patterns of Central Area and Suburban Growth and Change," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 39(13), pages 2531-2552, December.
    2. Gershon Alperovich & Joeseph Deutsch, 1992. "Population Density Gradients and Urbanisation Measurement," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 29(8), pages 1323-1328, December.
    3. repec:npf:wpaper:23 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Sridhar, Kala Seetharam, 2004. "Cities with suburbs: Evidence from India," Working Papers 04/23, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy.
    5. repec:ind:nipfwp:23 is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Alex Anas & Richard Arnott & Kenneth A. Small, 1998. "Urban Spatial Structure," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 36(3), pages 1426-1464, September.
    7. Sridhar, Kala Seetharam, 2007. "Density gradients and their determinants: Evidence from India," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 314-344, May.
    8. Shunfeng Song, 1994. "Modelling Worker Residence Distribution in the Los Angeles Region," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 31(9), pages 1533-1544, November.
    9. Anas, Alex & Arnott, Richard J. & Small, Kenneth A., 2000. "The Panexponential Monocentric Model," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 47(2), pages 165-179, March.
    10. Alain Bertraud & Stephen Malpezzi, 2001. "The Spatial Distribution of Population in 35 World Cities: The Role of Markets, Planning, and Topography," Wisconsin-Madison CULER working papers 01-03, University of Wisconsin Center for Urban Land Economic Research.
    11. Trudi E Bunting, 2004. "Decentralization or Recentralization? A Question of Household versus Population Enumeration, Canadian Metropolitan Areas 1971–1996," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 36(1), pages 127-147, January.
    12. Frederic Gilli, 2009. "Sprawl or Reagglomeration? The Dynamics of Employment Deconcentration and Industrial Transformation in Greater Paris," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 46(7), pages 1385-1420, June.
    13. Carozzi, Felipe & Roth, Sefi, 2023. "Dirty density: Air quality and the density of American cities," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    14. Rémi Lemoy & Geoffrey Caruso, 2020. "Evidence for the homothetic scaling of urban forms," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 47(5), pages 870-888, June.
    15. Mun, Se-il & Konishi, Ko-ji & Yoshikawa, Kazuhiro, 2005. "Optimal cordon pricing in a non-monocentric city," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 39(7-9), pages 723-736.
    16. Ilenia Epifani & Rosella Nicolini, 2013. "On The Population Density Distribution Across Space: A Probabilistic Approach," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 53(3), pages 481-510, August.
    17. P Gordon & J E Moore II, 1989. "Endogenizing the Rise and Fall of Urban Subcenters via Discrete Programming Models," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 21(9), pages 1195-1203, September.
    18. Craig Olwert & Jean-Michel Guldmann, 2012. "A Computable General Equilibrium Model of the City: Impacts of Technology, Zoning, and Trade," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 44(1), pages 237-253, January.
    19. Ivan Muñiz & Ana Galindo & Miguel Angel García, 2002. "Urban spatial structure and suburbanisation. The case of the Barcelona Metropolitan," Working Papers wp0202, Department of Applied Economics at Universitat Autonoma of Barcelona.
    20. Wenjia Zhang, 2016. "Does compact land use trigger a rise in crime and a fall in ridership? A role for crime in the land use–travel connection," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 53(14), pages 3007-3026, November.
    21. Joan Carles Martori & Rafa Madariaga & Ramon Oller, 2016. "Real estate bubble and urban population density: six Spanish metropolitan areas 2001–2011," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 56(2), pages 369-392, March.
    22. Mindali, Orit & Raveh, Adi & Salomon, Ilan, 2004. "Urban density and energy consumption: a new look at old statistics," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 38(2), pages 143-162, February.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:envira:v:40:y:2008:i:2:p:283-302. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.