IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/rnd/arimbr/v15y2023i4p516-528.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Understanding Whistleblowing Intention Among Public Sector Employees in the Northern Region of Malaysia: Does Gender Matter?

Author

Listed:
  • Zul Muhammad Zairi
  • Abdullah Muhammad Syukri
  • Awang Tuah Siti Normah
  • Zainudin Zatil Aqmar
  • Aziz Anidah

Abstract

The objective of this study is to determine the factors influencing whistleblowing intention among public sector employees. This study utilized the Theory of Prosocial Behavior which includes contextual determinants (policy and procedure, training, responsiveness of management, reporting channel, financial reward, seriousness level of wrongdoing) and individual determinants (knowledge, trust) as independent variables while whistle blowing intention is the dependent variable. Additionally, this study also includes gender as a moderating variable in the relationship between the contextual and individual determinants toward whistleblowing intention. The data was collected from 123 public sector employees in the northern region of Malaysia (Perlis, Kedah, Penang) from various ministries via an online survey questionnaire and analyzed using SmartPLS. This study found that there is a significant relationship between all independent variables and whistleblowing intention, except for the responsiveness of management. Additionally, gender was found to be significant in the relationship between several independent variables and whistleblowing intention.

Suggested Citation

  • Zul Muhammad Zairi & Abdullah Muhammad Syukri & Awang Tuah Siti Normah & Zainudin Zatil Aqmar & Aziz Anidah, 2023. "Understanding Whistleblowing Intention Among Public Sector Employees in the Northern Region of Malaysia: Does Gender Matter?," Information Management and Business Review, AMH International, vol. 15(4), pages 516-528.
    • Handle: RePEc:rnd:arimbr:v:15:y:2023:i:4:p:516-528
    DOI: 10.22610/imbr.v15i4(SI)I.3628
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://ojs.amhinternational.com/index.php/imbr/article/view/3628/2355
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://ojs.amhinternational.com/index.php/imbr/article/view/3628
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.22610/imbr.v15i4(SI)I.3628?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Philmore Alleyne & Wayne Charles-Soverall & Tracey Broome & Amanda Pierce, 2017. "Perceptions, predictors and consequences of whistleblowing among accounting employees in Barbados," Meditari Accountancy Research, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 25(2), pages 241-267, June.
    2. Albert Puni & Sam Kris Hilton, 2020. "Power distance culture and whistleblowing intentions: the moderating effect of gender," International Journal of Ethics and Systems, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 36(2), pages 217-234, February.
    3. Harold Hassink & Meinderd Vries & Laury Bollen, 2007. "A Content Analysis of Whistleblowing Policies of Leading European Companies," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 75(1), pages 25-44, September.
    4. Sunaina Kanojia & Shikha Sachdeva & Jai Prakash Sharma, 2020. "Retaliatory effect on whistle blowing intentions: a study of Indian employees," Journal of Financial Crime, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 27(4), pages 1221-1237, June.
    5. Pietro Previtali & Paola Cerchiello, 2022. "Organizational Determinants of Whistleblowing. A Study of Italian Municipalities," Public Organization Review, Springer, vol. 22(4), pages 903-918, December.
    6. Hengky Latan & Charbel Jose Chiappetta Jabbour & Ana Beatriz Lopes de Sousa Jabbour, 2019. "‘Whistleblowing Triangle’: Framework and Empirical Evidence," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 160(1), pages 189-204, November.
    7. Octavia Ama Serwaa Otchere & Godfred Matthew Yaw Owusu & Rita Amoah Bekoe, 2022. "Determinants of whistleblowing intentions of accountants: a middle range theoretical perspective," Journal of Financial Crime, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 30(5), pages 1162-1181, September.
    8. repec:eme:ijoes0:ijoes-10-2019-0163 is not listed on IDEAS
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Assad Tavakoli & Tanya Gibbs & Meysam Manesh, 2024. "The interplay of ethical decision making and legal frameworks for whistleblowing: the UAE example," International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 21(3), pages 447-461, September.
    2. Hengky Latan & Charbel Jose Chiappetta Jabbour & Murad Ali & Ana Beatriz Lopes de Sousa Jabbour & Tan Vo-Thanh, 2023. "What Makes You a Whistleblower? A Multi-Country Field Study on the Determinants of the Intention to Report Wrongdoing," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 183(3), pages 885-905, March.
    3. Gao, Lei & Calderon, Thomas G. & Tang, Fengchun, 2020. "Public companies' cybersecurity risk disclosures," International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Elsevier, vol. 38(C).
    4. Ignatowski Grzegorz, 2023. "Problems with the Concept of Whistleblowing in the Intercultural Perspective and the EU Directive 2019/1937," Journal of Intercultural Management, Sciendo, vol. 15(2), pages 78-103, June.
    5. Kaptein, S.P., 2009. "From Inaction to External Whistleblowing: The Influence of the Ethical Culture of Organizations on Employee Responses to Observed Wrongdoing," ERIM Report Series Research in Management ERS-2009-047-ORG, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus University Rotterdam.
    6. Wim Vandekerckhove & David Lewis, 2012. "The Content of Whistleblowing Procedures: A Critical Review of Recent Official Guidelines," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 108(2), pages 253-264, June.
    7. M. Guerci & Giovanni Radaelli & Elena Siletti & Stefano Cirella & A. Rami Shani, 2015. "The Impact of Human Resource Management Practices and Corporate Sustainability on Organizational Ethical Climates: An Employee Perspective," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 126(2), pages 325-342, January.
    8. repec:dau:papers:123456789/15190 is not listed on IDEAS
    9. Calderón Reyes & Ferrero Ignacio & Redin Dulce M., 2013. "Ethical codes and corporate responsibility of the most admired companies of the world: Toward a third generation ethics?," Business and Politics, De Gruyter, vol. 14(4), pages 1-24, January.
    10. Ankur Tayal & Saurabh Agrawal & Rajan Yadav, 2024. "Implementation of industry 4.0 in construction industry: a review," International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, Springer;The Society for Reliability, Engineering Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM),India, and Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden, vol. 15(9), pages 4163-4182, September.
    11. Gladys Lee & Neil Fargher, 2013. "Companies’ Use of Whistle-Blowing to Detect Fraud: An Examination of Corporate Whistle-Blowing Policies," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 114(2), pages 283-295, May.
    12. Siti Maria & Digra Lestar & Eny Rochaida & Dio Caisar Darm & Heni Rahayu Rahmawati, 2021. "Self-Efficacy, Organizational Commitment, And Employee Performance - From Public Office," Cactus - The tourism journal for research, education, culture and soul, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, vol. 3(1), pages 6-15.
    13. Hayden Teo & Donella Caspersz, 2011. "Dissenting Discourse: Exploring Alternatives to the Whistleblowing/Silence Dichotomy," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 104(2), pages 237-249, December.
    14. Wim Vandekerckhove, 2022. "Is It Freedom? The Coming About of the EU Directive on Whistleblower Protection," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 179(1), pages 1-11, August.
    15. Saera R. Khan & Lauren C. Howe, 2021. "Concern for the Transgressor’s Consequences: An Explanation for Why Wrongdoing Remains Unreported," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 173(2), pages 325-344, October.
    16. Esther Pittroff, 2016. "Whistle-blowing regulation in different corporate governance systems: an analysis of the regulation approaches from the view of path dependence theory," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 20(4), pages 703-727, December.
    17. Lee, Gladys & Xiao, Xinning, 2018. "Whistleblowing on accounting-related misconduct: A synthesis of the literature," Journal of Accounting Literature, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 22-46.
    18. Björn FASTERLING & David LEWIS, 2014. "Leaks, legislation and freedom of speech: How can the law effectively promote public-interest whistleblowing?," International Labour Review, International Labour Organization, vol. 153(1), pages 71-92, March.
    19. Hengky Latan & Charbel Jose Chiappetta Jabbour & Ana Beatriz Lopes de Sousa Jabbour, 2021. "Social Media as a Form of Virtual Whistleblowing: Empirical Evidence for Elements of the Diamond Model," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 174(3), pages 529-548, December.
    20. Mwangi Severinah Wanjiru & James Ndegwa, 2020. "The Influence of Fraud Risk Management on Fraud Occurrence in Kenyan listed Companies," International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies, Center for the Strategic Studies in Business and Finance, vol. 9(4), pages 147-160, October.
    21. Muel Kaptein, 2022. "How Much You See Is How You Respond: The Curvilinear Relationship Between the Frequency of Observed Unethical Behavior and The Whistleblowing Intention," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 175(4), pages 857-875, February.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:rnd:arimbr:v:15:y:2023:i:4:p:516-528. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Muhammad Tayyab (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://ojs.amhinternational.com/index.php/imbr .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.