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Notes on Detecting The Effects of Non Tariff Measures

Author

Listed:
  • Céline Carrère

    (CERDI and University of Geneva)

  • Jaime de Melo

    (University of Geneva and FERDI)

Abstract

Alternative approaches to estimating the effects of nontariff measures (NTMs) on trade flows are discussed and evaluated critically. Recent econometric studies point to three results: (i) NTM restrictiveness measures based on an aggregate of ‘core’ NTMs are more restrictive than existing tariffs and, because of export composition towards agricultural products, in the aggregate, these ‘core’ NTMs limit market access most for low-income countries; (ii) Proxies for individual NTMs have a negative effect on the volume of bilateral trade for the detailed product under scrutiny; (iii) harmonization of standards is trade enhancing. Case studies confirm several of these patterns, and also that perceived severity of NTMs varies across products and across destinations for a given product. Across broadly defined imports at the section level, NTMs are more restrictive than the corresponding tariffs with two-thirds of the ad-valorem equivalent estimates in the 25%-50% range. Technical regulations and non-automatic licensing are the most used single-NTM measures and the restrictiveness of technical regulations increases with income per capita.

Suggested Citation

  • Céline Carrère & Jaime de Melo, 2011. "Notes on Detecting The Effects of Non Tariff Measures," Journal of Economic Integration, Center for Economic Integration, Sejong University, vol. 26, pages 136-168.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:integr:0533
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    Cited by:

    1. AfDB AfDB, . "Egypt - Competitiveness Report 2010 Update," Africa Competitiveness Report, African Development Bank, number 372.
    2. Giorgio Barba Navaretti & Giulia Felice & Emanuele Forlani & Paolo Garella, 2018. "Non-tariff measures and competitiveness," Development Working Papers 438, Centro Studi Luca d'Agliano, University of Milano, revised 01 Feb 2023.
    3. Mkuna, Eliaza, 2014. "East Africa Community (Eac) Non Tariff Barriers And Their Effects On Tanzanian Small And Medium Agro Enterprises Cross Border Trade," Research Theses 265576, Collaborative Masters Program in Agricultural and Applied Economics.
    4. Misa Okabe, . "The Impact of ASEAN +1 FTAs on ASEAN's Trade," Chapters, in: Lili Yan Ing (ed.), East Asian Integration (First Edition), chapter 2, pages 25-66, Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA).
    5. Misa OKABE, 2015. "Impact of Free Trade Agreements on Trade in East Asia," Working Papers DP-2015-01, Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA).
    6. Salamat Ali, 2016. "Export Response to Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures and Technical Barriers to Trade: Firm-level Evidence from a Developing Country," Discussion Papers 2016-02, University of Nottingham, CREDIT.
    7. Ederington,Josh & Ruta,Michele, 2016. "Non-tariff measures and the world trading system," Policy Research Working Paper Series 7661, The World Bank.
    8. M. Kalaba & J. Kirsten & T. Sacolo, 2016. "Non-Tariff Measures Affecting Agricultural Trade in SADC," Agrekon, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 55(4), pages 377-410, October.
    9. Inae Heo & Bo‐Young Choi, 2023. "The global financial crisis and protectionism: Substitution from tariffs to non‐tariff measures," Bulletin of Economic Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 75(4), pages 880-894, October.
    10. Milena Kern & Jörg Paetzold & Hannes Winner, 2021. "Cutting red tape for trade in services," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 44(10), pages 2858-2886, October.
    11. Toni Sharma & Nalin Bharti, 2025. "The Impact of EU Trade Policies on Its Textile and Clothing Imports: A Comparison Between India, Bangladesh, China, and Vietnam," Economies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-27, February.
    12. Mkuna, Eliaza, 2014. "East Africa Community (EAC) Non Tariff Barriers and their Effects on Tanzanian Small and Medium Agro Enterprises Cross Border Trade," Research Theses 243444, Collaborative Masters Program in Agricultural and Applied Economics.
    13. John Christopher Beghin & Anne-Célia Disdier & Stéphan Marette, 2017. "Trade restrictiveness indices in the presence of externalities: An application to non-tariff measures," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: John Christopher Beghin (ed.), Nontariff Measures and International Trade, chapter 5, pages 81-104, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    14. Mike Webb & Anna Strutt & John Gibson & Terrie Walmsley, 2020. "Modelling the impact of non‐tariff measures on supply chains in ASEAN," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 43(8), pages 2172-2198, August.
    15. Vinokurov, Evgeny & Demidenko, Mikhail & Pelipas, Igor & Tochitskaya, Irina & Shymanovich, Gleb & Lipin, Andrey & Movchan, Veronika, 2015. "Estimating the Economic Effects of Reducing Non-Tariff Barriers in the EEU," MPRA Paper 68058, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. Sofiane Ghali & Habib Zitouna & Zouhour Karray & Slim Driss, 2013. "Effects of NTMs on the Extensive and Intensive Margins to Trade: The Case of Tunisia and Egypt," Working Papers 820, Economic Research Forum, revised Dec 2013.
    17. Alassane D. Yeo & Aimin Deng, 2019. "The trade policy effect in international trade: case of Pakistan," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), vol. 8(1), pages 1-17, December.

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • F10 - International Economics - - Trade - - - General
    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • O24 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy - - - Trade Policy; Factor Movement; Foreign Exchange Policy
    • O50 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - General

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