IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/prs/rvofce/ofce_0751-6614_1992_num_39_1_1265.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Réunification allemande et croissance européenne : un espoir déçu ?

Author

Listed:
  • Hélène Harasty
  • Jean Le Dem

Abstract

[eng] Two years after the breakdown of the Berlin wall, partners of Germany do not feel hopeful but desappointed. Growth was restricted to West Germany ; meanwhile, the rest of Europe went deeper and deeper into recession. Whose fault is it ? Not of reunification itself : immigrants flows to West and goods flows to East showed the expected impacts on activity, thanks to massive transferts quikly set up by Bonn in order to ease the integration of the five new Lander. The adopted policy-mix seems more responsible for the situation : more than impacts of growth, indirect tax increases taken to reduce public deficit fed up inflation and incited Bundesbank to react harder. The expectations of financial markets, which increased the long run interest rate and the exchange rate, were confirmed by this way. The historical simulations run with the MIMOSA model allow to measure the impact of these different shoks. German reunification did affect positively its partners in 1991, even if it was not obvious ; but this should diminish from 1992. [fre] Deux ans après la chute du mur de Berlin, l'espoir des partenaires européens de l'Allemagne fait place à la déception. La croissance est restée cantonnée outre-Rhin, alors que le reste de l'Europe s'enfonçait dans la récession. A qui la faute ? Pas à la réunification à proprement parler : l'afflux d'immigrés à l'Ouest et surtout les ventes de marchandises à l'Est ont eu les effets bénéfiques escomptés sur l'activité, grâce aux transferts massifs que Bonn a su rapidement mettre en place pour faciliter l'intégration des cinq nouveaux Lànder. La responsabilité tient plutôt à la politique économique adoptée : plus que les effets de la croissance, ce sont les hausses de fiscalité indirecte destinées à limiter le déficit public qui ont nourri l'inflation et provoqué le durcissement de la Bundesbank. Les marchés financiers ont donc vu leurs anticipations sur la hausse des taux d'intérêt et l'appréciation des monnaies européennes vis-à-vis du dollar confortées. Les simulations rétrospectives réalisées avec le modèle MIMOSA permettent de chiffrer l'impact de ces différents chocs. La réunification allemande a bien relancé les membres de la communauté et en particulier la France, mais cet effet positif passé inaperçu devrait s-atténuer en 1992.

Suggested Citation

  • Hélène Harasty & Jean Le Dem, 1992. "Réunification allemande et croissance européenne : un espoir déçu ?," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 39(1), pages 195-217.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rvofce:ofce_0751-6614_1992_num_39_1_1265
    DOI: 10.3406/ofce.1992.1265
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ofce.1992.1265
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.3406/ofce.1992.1265
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.persee.fr/doc/ofce_0751-6614_1992_num_39_1_1265
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.3406/ofce.1992.1265?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Fisher, P G, et al, 1990. "Econometric Evaluation of the Exchange Rate in Models of the UK Economy," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 100(403), pages 1230-1244, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mr. Oral Williams & Mr. Olumuyiwa S Adedeji, 2004. "Inflation Dynamics in the Dominican Republic," IMF Working Papers 2004/029, International Monetary Fund.
    2. MacDonald, Ronald & Marsh, Ian W., 2004. "Currency spillovers and tri-polarity: a simultaneous model of the US dollar, German mark and Japanese yen," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 23(1), pages 99-111, February.
    3. Pesaran, M. Hashem & Shin, Yongcheol, 1996. "Cointegration and speed of convergence to equilibrium," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 71(1-2), pages 117-143.
    4. Kai Leitemo, 2006. "Open-Economy Inflation-Forecast Targeting," German Economic Review, Verein für Socialpolitik, vol. 7, pages 35-64, February.
    5. Abdul RASHID, 2009. "Testing The Modified-Combined Ppp And Uip Hypothesis In South Asian Economies," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 9(1).
    6. Hall, S. G. & Garratt, A., 1995. "Model consistent learning and regime switching in the London Business School model," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 12(2), pages 87-95, April.
    7. Kenneth F. Wallis, 1993. "On Macroeconomic Policy and Macroeconometric Models," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 69(2), pages 113-130, June.
    8. Foreman-Peck, James & Hughes Hallett, Andrew & Ma, Yue, 2000. "A monthly econometric model of the transmission of the Great Depression between the principal industrial economies," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 17(4), pages 515-544, December.
    9. Church, Keith B. & Mitchell, Peter R. & Smith, Peter N. & Wallis, Kenneth F., 1996. "Targeting inflation: Comparative control exercises on models of the UK economy," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 13(2), pages 169-184, April.
    10. Sarantis, Nicholas, 2006. "Testing the uncovered interest parity using traded volatility, a time-varying risk premium and heterogeneous expectations," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 25(7), pages 1168-1186, November.
    11. Garratt, Anthony & Hall, Stephen G., 1997. "E-equilibria and adaptive expectations: Output and inflation in the LBS model," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 21(7), pages 1149-1171, June.
    12. Juselius, Katarina, 1995. "Do purchasing power parity and uncovered interest rate parity hold in the long run? An example of likelihood inference in a multivariate time-series model," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 69(1), pages 211-240, September.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:prs:rvofce:ofce_0751-6614_1992_num_39_1_1265. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Equipe PERSEE (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.persee.fr/collection/ofce .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.