IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/prs/ecoprv/ecop_0249-4744_1997_num_129_3_5863.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Théorie de l'utilité et mesure des états de santé, le débat QALYs-HYEs

Author

Listed:
  • Claude Le Pen

Abstract

[eng] Utility Theory and Health Status measurement: the Debate QALYs vs HYEs . by Claude Le Pen . A vigorous debate has recently opposed int the field on the economic assessment of medical technologies two methods to value health states : the "Quality Adjusted Life Years" (QALYs) and the "Healthy Years Equivalents" (HYEs). For a given health state, the QALYs are defined as the sum of life years allowed in a définie health state, each year being weighted by a coefficient, which reflects the utility of is "quality". The coefficient value varies between 0 and 1, 0 being attached to the worse quality and 1 to the best. This indicator, whose simplicity and intuitive appeal certainly explain the great success, faces nevertheless serious theoretical probems. It can be shown in fact that the preference pattern of an agent who would prefer health state A to health state B if and only if the number of QALYs in A is grater than that in B, obeys a set of restrictive assumptions, so that the psychological profile of the agent lacks credibility. Some authors have thus proposed an alternate measurement, the HYEs, which have the advantage to give an integrated utility measure of both quality and quantity of life, without requiring a complete and restrictive specification of the utility function. More general from a theoretical point of view, this concept proves impossible to be practically implemented. The methods designef to compute empirically the HYEs implicitly require in fact the same limitung assumptions than the QALYs. So, we have from one hand a concept which is easy to implement empirically but without a great theoretical relevance and, from the other hand, a concept which is richer at the theoretical level but is disappointing at the pratical level. Apart from the technical matters, the debate has the interest to reveal the meaning and the limit of the application of utility theory to the measurement of health state. [fre] Théorie de l'utilité et mesure des états de santé, le débat QALYs-HYEs . par Claude Le Pen . i de la théorie de l'évaluation économique, deux méthodes de valorisation des états les "Healthy Years Equivalent" (HYEs). Pour un état de santé donné, les QALYs se définissent comme la somme des années de vie offerte dans ces états de santé, chacune étant pondérée par un coefficient, compris entre 0 et 1 , reflétant l'utilité de sa "qualité". La valeur 0 est affecté à la pire qualité ; 1 à la meilleure. Cet indicateur, dont la simplicité et le caractère intuitif a assuré le succès, pose néanmoins un sérieux problème théorique. Il est en effet possible de montrer que les préférences d'un agent qui choisirait systématiquement l'état A et l'état B si et seulement si le nombre de QALYs de A est supérieur à ceui de B, doivent être soumises à des hypothèses telles que la vraisemblance d'un tel profil psychologique est douteuse. Certains auteurs ont proposé une mesure alternative, les HYEs, qui ont l'avantage de donner une mesure intégrée des préférences sur le couple qualité-quantité de vie et de ne pas nécessiter de spécification précise de la fonction d'utilité. Plus général sur un plan théorique, ce concept s'avère en pratique impossible à utiliser. Les méthodes imaginées par ces promoteurs s'avèrent en effet nécessiter les mêmes hypothèses que celles des QALYs. Ainsi, dispose-t-on à la fois d'un concept facile à mesurer mais sans grande portée théorique et d'un concept plus riche théoriquement, mais décevant en pratique. Au-delà des aspects techniques, ce débat a ainsi l'intérêt de révéler la portée et les limites du recours à la théorie économique pour représenter les états de santé.

Suggested Citation

  • Claude Le Pen, 1997. "Théorie de l'utilité et mesure des états de santé, le débat QALYs-HYEs," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 129(3), pages 37-54.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_1997_num_129_3_5863
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.1997.5863
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.1997.5863
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.3406/ecop.1997.5863
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.persee.fr/doc/ecop_0249-4744_1997_num_129_3_5863
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.3406/ecop.1997.5863?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. James S. Dyer & Rakesh K. Sarin, 1982. "Relative Risk Aversion," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 28(8), pages 875-886, August.
    2. Johannesson, Magnus & Johansson, Per-Olov & Kristrom, Bengt & Gerdtham, Ulf-G., 1993. "Willingness to pay for antihypertensive therapy -- further results," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 12(1), pages 95-108, April.
    3. D Feeny & G Torrance, 1989. "Incorporating Utility-based Quality-of-life Assessment Measures in Clinical Trials: Two Examples," Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis Working Paper Series 12, Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis (CHEPA), McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
    4. A Mehrez & A Gafni, 1991. "Healthy Years Equivalent: How to Measure Them Using the Standard Gamble Approach," Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis Working Paper Series 22, Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis (CHEPA), McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
    5. George W. Torrance, 1976. "Health Status Index Models: A Unified Mathematical View," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 22(9), pages 990-1001, May.
    6. Johannesson, Magnus, 1995. "Quality-adjusted life-years versus healthy-years equivalents -- A comment," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 9-16, May.
    7. Buckingham, Ken, 1993. "A note on HYE (healthy years equivalent)," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 12(3), pages 301-309, October.
    8. Anthony J. Culyer (ed.), 1991. "The Economics Of Health," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, volume 0, number 541.
    9. Tony J Culyer & Adam Wagstaff, 1992. "QALYs versus HYEs - a theoretical exposition," Working Papers 099chedp, Centre for Health Economics, University of York.
    10. Peter C. Fishburn, 1967. "Methods of Estimating Additive Utilities," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 13(7), pages 435-453, March.
    11. Mehrez, Abraham & Gafni, Amiram, 1987. "An empirical evaluation of two assessment methods for utility measurement for life years," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 21(6), pages 371-375.
    12. Loomes, Graham & McKenzie, Lynda, 1989. "The use of QALYs in health care decision making," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 28(4), pages 299-308, January.
    13. Bleichrodt, Han, 1995. "QALYs and HYEs: Under what conditions are they equivalent?," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 17-37, May.
    14. Magnus Johannesson & Joseph S. Pliskin & Milton C. Weinstein, 1993. "Are Healthy-years Equivalents an Improvement over Quality-adjusted Life Years?," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 13(4), pages 281-286, December.
    15. Gafni, Amiram & Birch, Stephen & Mehrez, Abraham, 1993. "Economics, health and health economics: HYEs versus QALYs," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 12(3), pages 325-339, October.
    16. Loomes, Graham, 1995. "The myth of the HYE," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 1-7, May.
    17. A Mehrez & A Gafni, 1990. "Evaluating Health Related Quality-of-life: An Indifference Curve Interpretation for the Time Trade-off Technique," Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis Working Paper Series 13, Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis (CHEPA), McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
    18. Claire Gudex & Paul Kind & Harmanna van Dalen & Mary-Alison Durand & Jenny Morris & Alan Williams, 1993. "Comparing scaling methods for health state valuations - Rosser revisited," Working Papers 107chedp, Centre for Health Economics, University of York.
    19. Abraham Mehrez & Amiram Gafni, 1989. "Quality-adjusted Life Years, Utility Theory, and Healthy-years Equivalents," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 9(2), pages 142-149, June.
    20. Peter H. Farquhar, 1984. "State of the Art---Utility Assessment Methods," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 30(11), pages 1283-1300, November.
    21. Claire Gudex, 1986. "QALYs and their use by the health service," Working Papers 020chedp, Centre for Health Economics, University of York.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ried, Walter, 1998. "QALYs versus HYEs--what's right and what's wrong. A review of the controversy," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 17(5), pages 607-625, October.
    2. Morrison, Gwendolyn C., 1997. "HYE and TTO: What is the difference?," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 16(5), pages 563-578, October.
    3. Ried, Walter, 1996. "QALYs versus HYEs - What's Right and What's Wrong," Discussion Papers 544, Institut fuer Volkswirtschaftslehre und Statistik, Abteilung fuer Volkswirtschaftslehre.
    4. Gafni, Amiram & Birch, Stephen, 1997. "QALYs and HYEs Spotting the differences," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 16(5), pages 601-608, October.
    5. Charles M. Harvey & Lars Peter Østerdal, 2010. "Cardinal Scales for Health Evaluation," Decision Analysis, INFORMS, vol. 7(3), pages 256-281, September.
    6. Bleichrodt, Han, 1995. "QALYs and HYEs: Under what conditions are they equivalent?," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 17-37, May.
    7. Hougaard, Jens Leth & Moreno-Ternero, Juan D. & Østerdal, Lars Peter, 2013. "A new axiomatic approach to the evaluation of population health," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 515-523.
    8. Johannesson, Magnus, 1995. "Quality-adjusted life-years versus healthy-years equivalents -- A comment," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 9-16, May.
    9. Catherine Buron & Catherine Le Galès & Anne-Marie Fericelli, 1997. "L'indicateur QALYs à la lumière de la théorie de l'utilité espérée multi-attribut explicitement décomposée," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 129(3), pages 55-71.
    10. Han Bleichrodt & Ulrich Schmidt, 2002. "A Context-Dependent Model of the Gambling Effect," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 48(6), pages 802-812, June.
    11. Bleichrodt, Han & Johannesson, Magnus, 1997. "Standard gamble, time trade-off and rating scale: Experimental results on the ranking properties of QALYs," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 16(2), pages 155-175, April.
    12. Magnus Johannesson & Bengt Jönsson & Göran Karlsson, 1996. "Outcome measurement in economic evaluation," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 5(4), pages 279-296, July.
    13. Carmen Herrero Blanco, 2001. "Individual Evidence Of Independence In Health Profiles Evaluation," Working Papers. Serie AD 2001-20, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas, S.A. (Ivie).
    14. Loomes, Graham, 1995. "The myth of the HYE," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 1-7, May.
    15. Hoel, Michael, 2009. "Efficient use of health care resources: The interaction between improved health and reduced health related income loss," HERO Online Working Paper Series 2001:9, University of Oslo, Health Economics Research Programme.
    16. Michael Hoel, 2003. "Allocating health care resources when people are risk averse with respect to life time," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 12(7), pages 601-608, July.
    17. Somayeh Sadat & Michael Carter & Brian Golden, 2013. "Theory of constraints for publicly funded health systems," Health Care Management Science, Springer, vol. 16(1), pages 62-74, March.
    18. James S. Dyer & James E. Smith, 2021. "Innovations in the Science and Practice of Decision Analysis: The Role of Management Science," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 67(9), pages 5364-5378, September.
    19. Moreno-Ternero, Juan D. & Platz, Trine Tornøe & Østerdal, Lars Peter, 2023. "QALYs, DALYs, and HALYs: A unifying framework for the evaluation of population health," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    20. Diecidue, E. & Schmidt, U. & Wakker, P.P., 2000. "A Theory of the Gambling Effect," Discussion Paper 2000-75, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_1997_num_129_3_5863. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Equipe PERSEE (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.persee.fr/collection/ecop .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.