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The burden of stroke and modifiable risk factors in Ethiopia: A systemic review and meta-analysis

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  • Teshager Weldegiorgis Abate
  • Balew Zeleke
  • Ashenafi Genanew
  • Bidiru Weldegiorgis Abate

Abstract

Background: The burden and contribution of modifiable risk factors of stroke in Ethiopia are unclear. Knowledge about this burden and modifying risk factors is pivotal for establishing stroke prevention strategies. In recent decades, the issue of lifestyle and behavioral modification is a key to improve the quality of life. The modifiable risk factors are an importance as intervention strategies aimed at reducing these factors can subsequently reduce the risk of stroke. So far, many primary studies were conducted to estimate the burden of stroke and modifiable risk factors in Ethiopia. However, the lack of a nationwide study that determines the overall pooled estimation of burden and modifiable risk factors of stroke is a research gap. Methods: To conduct this systemic review and meta-analysis, we are following the PRISMA checklist. Three authors searched and extracted the data from the CINAHL (EBSCO), MEDLINE (via Ovid), PubMed, EMcare, African Journals Online (AJOL), and Google scholar. The quality of the primary study was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) by two independent reviewers. The primary studies with low and moderate risk of bias were included in the final analysis. The authors presented the pooled estimated burden of stroke and its modifiable risk factors. The registered protocol number in PROSPERO was CRD42020221906. Results: In this study, the pooled burden of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke were 46.42% (95%CI: 41.82–51.53; I2 = 91.6%) and 51.40% (95%CI: 46.97–55.82; I2 = 85.5%) respectively. The overall magnitude of modifiable risk factor of hypertension, alcohol consumption and dyslipidemia among stroke patients were 49% (95%CI: 43.59, 54.41), 24.96% (95CI%:15.01, 34.90), and 20.99% (95%CI: 11.10, 30.88), respectively. The least proportion of stroke recovery was in the Oromia region (67.38 (95%CI: 41.60–93.17; I2 = 98.1%). Farther more, the proportion of stroke recovery was decreased after 2017 (70.50 (56.80–84.20). Conclusions: In our study, more than 90% of stroke patients had one or more modifiable risk factors. All identified modifiable stroke risk factors are major public health issues in Ethiopia. Therefore, strategy is designed for stroke prevention to decrease stroke burden through targeted modification of a single risk factor, or a cluster of multiple risk factors, used on a population, community, or individual level.

Suggested Citation

  • Teshager Weldegiorgis Abate & Balew Zeleke & Ashenafi Genanew & Bidiru Weldegiorgis Abate, 2021. "The burden of stroke and modifiable risk factors in Ethiopia: A systemic review and meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(11), pages 1-19, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0259244
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259244
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    1. Pietro Amedeo Modesti & Gianpaolo Reboldi & Francesco P Cappuccio & Charles Agyemang & Giuseppe Remuzzi & Stefano Rapi & Eleonora Perruolo & Gianfranco Parati & ESH Working Group on CV Risk in Low Res, 2016. "Panethnic Differences in Blood Pressure in Europe: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(1), pages 1-21, January.
    2. Alessandro Liberati & Douglas G Altman & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Cynthia Mulrow & Peter C Gøtzsche & John P A Ioannidis & Mike Clarke & P J Devereaux & Jos Kleijnen & David Moher, 2009. "The PRISMA Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Studies That Evaluate Health Care Interventions: Explanation and Elaboration," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-28, July.
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