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Decadal Changes in Zooplankton of the Northeast U.S. Continental Shelf

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  • Hongsheng Bi
  • Rubao Ji
  • Hui Liu
  • Young-Heon Jo
  • Jonathan A Hare

Abstract

The abundance of the subarctic copepod, Calanus finmarchicus, and temperate, shelf copepod, Centropages typicus, was estimated from samples collected bi-monthly over the Northeast U.S. continental shelf (NEUS) from 1977–2010. Latitudinal variation in long term trends and seasonal patterns for the two copepod species were examined for four sub-regions: the Gulf of Maine (GOM), Georges Bank (GB), Southern New England (SNE), and Mid-Atlantic Bight (MAB). Results suggested that there was significant difference in long term variation between northern region (GOM and GB), and the MAB for both species. C. finmarchicus generally peaked in May – June throughout the entire study region and Cen. typicus had a more complex seasonal pattern. Time series analysis revealed that the peak time for Cen. typicus switched from November – December to January - March after 1985 in the MAB. The long term abundance of C. finmarchicus showed more fluctuation in the MAB than the GOM and GB, whereas the long term abundance of Cen. typicus was more variable in the GB than other sub-regions. Alongshore transport was significantly correlated with the abundance of C. finmarchicus, i.e., more water from north, higher abundance for C. finmarchicus. The abundance of Cen. typicus showed positive relationship with the Gulf Stream north wall index (GSNWI) in the GOM and GB, but the GSNWI only explained 12–15% of variation in Cen. typicus abundance. In general, the alongshore current was negatively correlated with the GSNWI, suggesting that Cen. typicus is more abundant when advection from the north is less. However, the relationship between Cen. typicus and alongshore transport was not significant. The present study highlights the importance of spatial scales in the study of marine populations: observed long term changes in the northern region were different from the south for both species.

Suggested Citation

  • Hongsheng Bi & Rubao Ji & Hui Liu & Young-Heon Jo & Jonathan A Hare, 2014. "Decadal Changes in Zooplankton of the Northeast U.S. Continental Shelf," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(1), pages 1-12, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0087720
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087720
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Peng, Jyh-Ying & Aston, John A. D., 2011. "The State Space Models Toolbox for MATLAB," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 41(i06).
    2. Harvey,Andrew C., 1991. "Forecasting, Structural Time Series Models and the Kalman Filter," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521405737.
    3. Martin Edwards & Anthony J. Richardson, 2004. "Impact of climate change on marine pelagic phenology and trophic mismatch," Nature, Nature, vol. 430(7002), pages 881-884, August.
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    1. Harvey J Walsh & David E Richardson & Katrin E Marancik & Jonathan A Hare, 2015. "Long-Term Changes in the Distributions of Larval and Adult Fish in the Northeast U.S. Shelf Ecosystem," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(9), pages 1-31, September.

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