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Overweight and obesity in south central Uganda: A population-based study

Author

Listed:
  • Adeoluwa Ayoola
  • Robert Ssekubugu
  • Mary Kathryn Grabowski
  • Joseph Ssekasanvu
  • Godfrey Kigozi
  • Aishat Mustapha
  • Steven J Reynolds
  • Anna Mia Ekstrom
  • Helena Nordenstedt
  • Rocio Enriquez
  • Ronald H Gray
  • Maria J Wawer
  • Joseph Kagaayi
  • Wendy S Post
  • Larry W Chang

Abstract

Obesity is a rapidly growing global health challenge, but there are few population-level studies from non-urban settings in sub-Saharan Africa. We evaluated the prevalence of overweight (body mass index (BMI)>25 kg/m2), obesity (BMI>30 kg/m2), and associated factors using data from May 2018 to November 2020 from the Rakai Community Cohort Study, a population-based cohort of residents aged 15 to 49 living in forty-one fishing, trading, and agrarian communities in South Central Uganda. Modified Poisson regression was used to estimate adjusted prevalence risk ratios (PRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) in 18,079 participants. The overall mean BMI was 22.9 kg/m2. Mean BMI was 21.5 kg/m2 and 24.1 kg/m2 for males and females, respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity were 22.8% and 6.2%, respectively. Females had a higher probability of overweight/obesity (PRR: 4.11, CI: 2.98–5.68) than males. For female participants, increasing age, higher socioeconomic status, residing in a trading or fishing community (PRR: 1.25, CI 1.16–1.35 and PRR: 1.17, CI 1.10–1.25, respectively), being currently or previously married (PRR: 1.22, CI 1.07–1.40 and PRR: 1.16, CI 1.01–1.34, respectively), working in a bar/restaurant (PRR: 1.29, CI 1.17–1.45), trading/shopkeeping (PRR: 1.38, CI 1.29–1.48), and reporting alcohol use in the last year (PRR: 1.21, CI 1.10–1.33) were risk factors for overweight/obese. For male participants, increasing age, higher socioeconomic status, being currently married (PRR: 1.94, CI 1.50–2.50), residing in a fishing community (PRR: 1.68, CI 1.40–2.02), working in a bar/restaurant (PRR: 2.20, CI 1.10–4.40), trading/shopkeeping (PRR: 1.75, CI 1.45–2.11), or fishing (PRR: 1.32, CI 1.03–1.69) increased the probability of overweight/obesity. Non-Muslim participants, male smokers, and HIV-positive females had a lower probability of overweight/obese. The prevalence of overweight/obesity in non-urban Ugandans is substantial. Targeted interventions to high-risk subgroups in this population are needed.

Suggested Citation

  • Adeoluwa Ayoola & Robert Ssekubugu & Mary Kathryn Grabowski & Joseph Ssekasanvu & Godfrey Kigozi & Aishat Mustapha & Steven J Reynolds & Anna Mia Ekstrom & Helena Nordenstedt & Rocio Enriquez & Ronald, 2022. "Overweight and obesity in south central Uganda: A population-based study," PLOS Global Public Health, Public Library of Science, vol. 2(11), pages 1-20, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pgph00:0001051
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001051
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