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Common Factors Underlying Barriers to Export: Studies in the U.S. Paper Industry

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  • Alan Baursmichmidt

    (University of South Carolina)

  • Danial Sullivan

    (University of South Carolina)

  • Kate Gillespie

    (University of Texas at Austin)

Abstract

This paper identifies five factors that cluster belief about the importance of barriers to export held by executives in strategic business units involved in export of paper products or contemplating such export. These factors were evaluated in respect to the international business literature and labeled as national export policy, comparative marketing distance, lack of export commitment, exogenous economic constraints, and competitive rivalry. This analysis revealed a minor appreciation of the importance of competitive rivalry and a high appreciation of the barrier provided by exogenous economic constraints. The other three factors assumed intermediate positions of importance among the five factors.© 1985 JIBS. Journal of International Business Studies (1985) 16, 111–123

Suggested Citation

  • Alan Baursmichmidt & Danial Sullivan & Kate Gillespie, 1985. "Common Factors Underlying Barriers to Export: Studies in the U.S. Paper Industry," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 16(3), pages 111-123, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:jintbs:v:16:y:1985:i:3:p:111-123
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    1. Kumcu, Erdogan & Harcar, Talha & Kumcu, M. Ercan, 1995. "Managerial perceptions of the adequacy of export incentive programs : Implications for export-led economic development policy," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 32(2), pages 163-174, February.
    2. Jensen, Kimberly L. & Davis, George C., 1998. "An Analysis Of Export Market Strategies And Barriers Perceptions By U.S. Agricultural Hvp Exporters," International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, International Food and Agribusiness Management Association, vol. 1(4), pages 1-16.
    3. Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen, 1999. "The Small and Medium Sized Exporters' Problems: An Empirical Analysis of Canadian Manufacturers," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(3), pages 231-245.
    4. Manolopoulos, Dimitris & Chatzopoulou, Erifili & Kottaridi, Constantina, 2018. "Resources, home institutional context and SMEs’ exporting: Direct relationships and contingency effects," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 27(5), pages 993-1006.
    5. Leonidou, Leonidas C., 2000. "Barriers to export management: an organizational and internationalization analysis," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 6(2), pages 121-148.
    6. Morgan, Robert E. & Katsikeas, Constantine S., 1997. "Obstacles to export initiation and expansion," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 25(6), pages 677-690, December.
    7. Uner, M. Mithat & Kocak, Akin & Cavusgil, Erin & Cavusgil, Salih Tamer, 2013. "Do barriers to export vary for born globals and across stages of internationalization? An empirical inquiry in the emerging market of Turkey," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 22(5), pages 800-813.
    8. Aleksandra Wąsowska, 2016. "Perception of Export Barriers at Different Stages of the Internatonalizaton Process - Evidence from European SMEs," Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę "Cognitione", vol. 12(4), pages 29-49.
    9. Shaker A. Zahra & Donald O. Neubaum & Morten Huse, 1997. "The Effect of the Environment on Export Performance among Telecommunications New Ventures," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 22(1), pages 25-46, October.
    10. Chakrabarty, Subhajit & Nag, Biswajit, 2014. "Perceptions of international trade barriers: Empirical study of small apparel firms," MPRA Paper 52635, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Crick, Dave, 2004. "U.K. SMEs' decision to discontinue exporting: an exploratory investigation into practices within the clothing industry," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 19(4), pages 561-587, July.
    12. Serra, Francisco & Pointon, John & Abdou, Hussein, 2012. "Factors influencing the propensity to export: A study of UK and Portuguese textile firms," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 21(2), pages 210-224.
    13. Bianchi, Constanza & Wickramasekera, Rumintha, 2016. "Antecedents of SME export intensity in a Latin American Market," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(10), pages 4368-4376.
    14. Gripsrud, Geir & Benito, Gabriel R. G., 1995. "Promoting imports from developing countries: A marketing perspective," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 32(2), pages 141-148, February.
    15. Wilkinson, Timothy & Brouthers, Lance Eliot, 2006. "Trade promotion and SME export performance," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 15(3), pages 233-252, June.
    16. Ruiz Fuensanta, María Jesús, 2011. "A predictive model of the export behaviour of small and medium sized firms: an application to the case of Castilla-La Mancha," Cuadernos de Gestión, Universidad del País Vasco - Instituto de Economía Aplicada a la Empresa (IEAE).
    17. María Jesús Ruiz Fuensanta, 2004. "Further insights into exporter profiles: a classificatory model," ERSA conference papers ersa04p42, European Regional Science Association.
    18. Eldrede Kahiya & David Dean & Jeff Heyl, 2014. "Export barriers in a changing institutional environment: A quasi-longitudinal study of New Zealand’s manufacturing exporters," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 12(4), pages 331-364, December.
    19. Ramaseshan, B. & Soutar, Geoffrey N., 1996. "Combined effects of incentives and barriers on firms' export decisions," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 5(1), pages 53-65, February.
    20. Marija Martinovic & Elena Matana, 2017. "Influence Of Perceived Export Barriers On The Export Intensity Of The Croatian Manufacturers," Economic Thought and Practice, Department of Economics and Business, University of Dubrovnik, vol. 26(1), pages 107-128, june.
    21. Schroeder, Meike & Gomes, Renato Barata, 2014. "Supply Chain Risk Management in International Trade Operations Between Germany and Brazil," Chapters from the Proceedings of the Hamburg International Conference of Logistics (HICL), in: Kersten, Wolfgang & Blecker, Thorsten & Ringle, Christian M. (ed.), Next Generation Supply Chains: Trends and Opportunities. Proceedings of the Hamburg International Conference of Logistics (HICL), Vol. 18, volume 18, pages 469-486, Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH), Institute of Business Logistics and General Management.
    22. Oscar Malca & Jorge Rubio, 2014. "Obstáculos a la actividad exportadora: encuesta a las empresas exportadoras del Perú," Working Papers 14-10, Centro de Investigación, Universidad del Pacífico.
    23. Jesús Arteaga-Ortiz & Rubén Fernández Ortiz & Mónica Clavel San Emeterio, 2014. "Las pymes espanolas en Latinoamérica: barreras a la exportación," Revista Ad-Minister, Universidad EAFIT, May.

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