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Lockdown and voting behaviour: a natural experiment on postponed elections during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Listed:
  • Tommaso Giommoni
  • Gabriel Loumeau

Abstract

The goal of this paper is to study the electoral impact of crisis management policies. With this aim, we exploit a natural experiment during the COVID-19 pandemic in France to evaluate the effect of the lockdown on voting behaviour. In particular, the country has been divided in two areas, red and green, subject to a ‘hard’ and a ‘soft’ lockdown, respectively. To measure voting behaviour, before and after the policy, we rely on the 2020 French municipal elections: the first round took place before the introduction of the restrictions, while the second round was delayed after the end of the lockdown. We estimate a spatial regression-discontinuity-design model comparing electoral outcomes around the border of red and green areas both in the second round and between the two electoral rounds. The main results suggest that lockdown regulations significantly affected voting outcomes. First, in localities under a harder lockdown, the incumbent’s vote share is higher. Second, voter turnout is larger where more stringent restrictions are adopted. These results suggest that lockdown policy mobilizes citizens and leads them to rally around the incumbent politicians.

Suggested Citation

  • Tommaso Giommoni & Gabriel Loumeau, 2022. "Lockdown and voting behaviour: a natural experiment on postponed elections during the COVID-19 pandemic," Economic Policy, CEPR, CESifo, Sciences Po;CES;MSH, vol. 37(111), pages 547-599.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:ecpoli:v:37:y:2022:i:111:p:547-599.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/epolic/eiac018
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    Cited by:

    1. Bauernschuster, Stefan & Blum, Matthias & Hornung, Erik & Koenig, Christoph, 2025. "The political effects of the 1918 influenza pandemic in Weimar Germany," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 96(C).
    2. Kirill Chmel & Aigul Klimova & Nikita Savin, 2023. "Saving lives or saving the economy? Support for the incumbent during the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia," Post-Soviet Affairs, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 39(4), pages 291-307, July.
    3. Miguel Cardoso & Brandon Malloy, 2024. "Spillovers from government policy during a crisis: Evidence from international trade during COVID‐19 lockdowns," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 32(3), pages 1238-1269, August.
    4. Vítor Castro & Rodrigo Martins, 2024. "Government popularity in the UK during the COVID‐19 pandemic," Economics and Politics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(3), pages 1382-1415, November.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    H12; I18; D72;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H12 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government - - - Crisis Management
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
    • D72 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Political Processes: Rent-seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior

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