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Bank Intermediation over the Business Cycle

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  • Einarsson, Tor
  • Marquis, Milton H

Abstract

A model is developed in which banks engage in valued asset transformation by converting illiquid assets (working capital loans) into highly liquid demand deposit accounts that households use for transactions purposes. Consumption-smoothing behavior induces countercyclicality in the degree to which firms rely on bank borrowings to finance their working capital expenses, which is consistent with U.S. data. The importance of financial markets that provide alternative sources of short-term funds to firms is also illustrated. Absent these markets, nominal interest rates become nearly perfectly positively correlated with output, which is counterfactual, and monetary shocks induce (perhaps, artificially) large aggregate employment responses.

Suggested Citation

  • Einarsson, Tor & Marquis, Milton H, 2001. "Bank Intermediation over the Business Cycle," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 33(4), pages 876-899, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:mcb:jmoncb:v:33:y:2001:i:4:p:876-99
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Berger, Allen N. & Udell, Gregory F., 2004. "The institutional memory hypothesis and the procyclicality of bank lending behavior," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 13(4), pages 458-495, October.
    2. Szilárd Benk & Max Gillman & Michal Kejak, 2005. "Credit Shocks in the Financial Deregulatory Era: Not the Usual Suspects," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 8(3), pages 668-687, July.
    3. Enqvist, Julius & Graham, Michael & Nikkinen, Jussi, 2014. "The impact of working capital management on firm profitability in different business cycles: Evidence from Finland," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 36-49.
    4. Tor Einarsson & Milton H. Marquis, 2002. "Banks, bonds, and the liquidity effect," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, pages 35-50.
    5. Tor Einarsson & Milton H. Marquis, 2000. "Bank intermediation and persistent liquidity effects in the presence of a frictionless bond market," Working Paper Series 2000-08, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
    6. Stracca, Livio, 2007. "Should we take inside money seriously?," Working Paper Series 841, European Central Bank.
    7. Keiichiro Kobayashi & Masaru Inaba, 2006. "Borrowing constraints and protracted recessions," Discussion papers 06011, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    8. Kato, Ryo, 2006. "Liquidity, infinite horizons and macroeconomic fluctuations," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 50(5), pages 1105-1130, July.
    9. Richard K. Lyons, 2002. "Foreign exchange: macro puzzles, micro tools," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, pages 51-69.
    10. Mr. Jahangir Aziz & Li Cui, 2007. "Explaining China’s Low Consumption: The Neglected Role of Household Income," IMF Working Papers 2007/181, International Monetary Fund.
    11. Feng Dong & Jianjun Miao & Pengfei Wang, 2020. "Asset Bubbles and Monetary Policy," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 37, pages 68-98, August.
    12. Max Gillman & Mark N Harris & Michal Kejak, 2007. "The Interaction of Inflation and Financial Development with Endogenous Growth," Money Macro and Finance (MMF) Research Group Conference 2006 29, Money Macro and Finance Research Group.
    13. Caterina Mendicino, 2005. "Credit Market Development, Asset Prices and Business Cycle," Money Macro and Finance (MMF) Research Group Conference 2005 74, Money Macro and Finance Research Group.
    14. Milton H. Marquis, 2003. "Bank lending to businesses in a jobless recovery," FRBSF Economic Letter, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, issue jul25.
    15. Stracca, Livio, 2013. "Inside Money In General Equilibrium: Does It Matter For Monetary Policy?," Macroeconomic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 17(3), pages 563-590, April.
    16. Lin HE & Calum G. Turvey & Dongsheng LIAO, 2011. "The policy arrangements of financial deepening in rural China --," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 57(9), pages 449-456.

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