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Black–White Disparities in Adult Mortality: Implications of Differential Record Linkage for Understanding the Mortality Crossover

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  • Joseph T. Lariscy

    (University of Memphis)

Abstract

Mortality rates among black individuals exceed those of white individuals throughout much of the life course. The black–white disparity in mortality rates is widest in young adulthood, and then rates converge with increasing age until a crossover occurs at about age 85 years, after which black older adults exhibit a lower mortality rate relative to white older adults. Data quality issues in survey-linked mortality studies may hinder accurate estimation of this disparity and may even be responsible for the observed black–white mortality crossover, especially if the linkage of surveys to death records during mortality follow-up is less accurate for black older adults. This study assesses black–white differences in the linkage of the 1986–2009 National Health Interview Survey to the National Death Index through 2011 and the implications of racial/ethnic differences in record linkage for mortality disparity estimates. Match class and match score (i.e., indicators of linkage quality) differ by race/ethnicity, with black adults exhibiting less certain matches than white adults in all age groups. The magnitude of the black–white mortality disparity varies with alternative linkage scenarios, but convergence and crossover continue to be observed in each case. Beyond black–white differences in linkage quality, this study also identifies declines over time in linkage quality and even eligibility for linkage among all adults. Although linkage quality is lower among black adults than white adults, differential record linkage does not account for the black–white mortality crossover.

Suggested Citation

  • Joseph T. Lariscy, 2017. "Black–White Disparities in Adult Mortality: Implications of Differential Record Linkage for Understanding the Mortality Crossover," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 36(1), pages 137-156, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:poprpr:v:36:y:2017:i:1:d:10.1007_s11113-016-9415-z
    DOI: 10.1007/s11113-016-9415-z
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    Cited by:

    1. Dustin C. Brown & Joseph T. Lariscy & Lucie Kalousová, 2019. "Comparability of Mortality Estimates from Social Surveys and Vital Statistics Data in the United States," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 38(3), pages 371-401, June.
    2. Justin T. Denney & Jarron M. Saint Onge & Jeff A. Dennis, 2018. "Neighborhood Concentrated Disadvantage and Adult Mortality: Insights for Racial and Ethnic Differences," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 37(2), pages 301-321, April.
    3. Brown, Dustin C, 2019. "Comparability of Mortality Estimates from Social Surveys and Vital Statistics Data in the United States," SocArXiv x9f5y, Center for Open Science.
    4. Jana Asher & Dean Resnick & Jennifer Brite & Robert Brackbill & James Cone, 2020. "An Introduction to Probabilistic Record Linkage with a Focus on Linkage Processing for WTC Registries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-16, September.
    5. Mara Sheftel & Frank W. Heiland, 2018. "Disability crossover: Is there a Hispanic immigrant health advantage that reverses from working to old age?," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 39(7), pages 209-250.

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