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The Gender Effects of Audit Partners on Audit Outcomes: Evidence of Rule 3211 Adoption

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  • Jie Hao

    (Susquehanna University)

  • Viet Pham

    (Wright State University)

  • Meng Guo

    (Eastern Connecticut State University)

Abstract

This paper investigates whether the impact of PCAOB Rule 3211 on the quality and cost of audit services differs between female and male audit partners. We find that the improvement of audit quality is more pronounced for female audit partners than male partners after Rule 3211 adoption. Female audit partners are also associated with higher increases in fees and report lags than male counterparts after the adoption of Rule 3211. Further, we find that the presence of female CFOs (or female audit committee members) attenuate the audit fees and report lag increases in the post-adoption periods. Overall, our findings confirm the importance of the gender effect on audit outcomes, which needs further consideration by standard setters. Our study also provides empirical evidence of the benefits of gender equality in the workplace.

Suggested Citation

  • Jie Hao & Viet Pham & Meng Guo, 2022. "The Gender Effects of Audit Partners on Audit Outcomes: Evidence of Rule 3211 Adoption," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 177(2), pages 275-304, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:jbuset:v:177:y:2022:i:2:d:10.1007_s10551-020-04732-w
    DOI: 10.1007/s10551-020-04732-w
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