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Revisiting the Energy-Saving Behavior of Hotel Guests: An Integrated Model of TPB and NAM in Vietnam

Author

Listed:
  • Van Hao Hoang

    (Faculty of Business Administration and Tourism, Electric Power University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam)

  • Phuong Mai Nguyen

    (International School, Vietnam National Univesity Hanoi, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam)

  • Huong-Linh Le

    (International School, Vietnam National Univesity Hanoi, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam)

  • Thi-Hoang-Yen Tran

    (International School, Vietnam National Univesity Hanoi, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam)

  • Lan Huong Vu

    (Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism, Thuongmai University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam)

Abstract

This paper explores the energy-saving behavior of hotel guests in the Vietnamese context. We adapted the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the norm activation model (NAM) to develop a research model with six determinants of energy-saving intention and behavior. A self-administered online survey was implemented to collect data from hotel guests in Hanoi and Quang Ninh provinces. After 4 months, we received 253 valid responses for further analysis. SmartPLS 4.0 software was employed for structured equation model testing. Our findings showed that TPB variables and NAM variables jointly explain the energy-saving intention and energy-saving behavior of Vietnamese hotel guests. Among the three factors of TPB, subjective norms have the most substantial impact on energy-saving intention and a significant direct effect on energy-saving behavior. Meanwhile, awareness of consequences does not significantly affect personal norms, and in turn, personal norms do not directly affect energy-saving behavior. Thus, we proposed several solutions to hotel managers to promote energy-saving initiatives and attract the engagement of their guests in these initiatives.

Suggested Citation

  • Van Hao Hoang & Phuong Mai Nguyen & Huong-Linh Le & Thi-Hoang-Yen Tran & Lan Huong Vu, 2025. "Revisiting the Energy-Saving Behavior of Hotel Guests: An Integrated Model of TPB and NAM in Vietnam," Tourism and Hospitality, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-15, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jtourh:v:6:y:2025:i:2:p:71-:d:1642427
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Olawale Fatoki, 2023. "Antecedents of Workplace Energy Saving Behaviour: An Integration of the Theory of Planned Behaviour and Norm Activation Model," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 13(4), pages 394-403, July.
    2. Wang, Bo & Wang, Xiaomeng & Guo, Dongxue & Zhang, Bin & Wang, Zhaohua, 2018. "Analysis of factors influencing residents’ habitual energy-saving behaviour based on NAM and TPB models: Egoism or altruism?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 68-77.
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