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Tillage Effects on Soil Quality after Three Years of Irrigation in Northern Spain

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  • Marcos Apesteguía

    (Departamento Ciencias del Medio Natural, ETSIA, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
    Área de Innovación, Sección de Sistemas Sostenibles, Instituto Navarro de Tecnologías e Infraestructuras Agroalimentarias, 31610 Villava, Spain)

  • Iñigo Virto

    (Departamento Ciencias del Medio Natural, ETSIA, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain)

  • Luis Orcaray

    (Área de Innovación, Sección de Sistemas Sostenibles, Instituto Navarro de Tecnologías e Infraestructuras Agroalimentarias, 31610 Villava, Spain)

  • Paloma Bescansa

    (Departamento Ciencias del Medio Natural, ETSIA, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain)

  • Alberto Enrique

    (Departamento Ciencias del Medio Natural, ETSIA, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain)

  • María José Imaz

    (Ekoizpen Urduña, Foru Plaza, 1, 48460 Urduña-Orduña, Spain)

  • Douglas L. Karlen

    (USDA-Agricultural Research Service, National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment (NLAE), 1015 North University Boulevard, Ames, IA 50011-3166, USA)

Abstract

Irrigation is being initiated on large areas of traditionally rainfed land to meet increasing global demand for food, feed, fiber and fuel. However, the consequences of this transition on soil quality (SQ) have scarcely been studied. Therefore, after previously identifying the most tillage-sensitive SQ indicators under long-term rainfed conditions, conversion of a research site on a Haplic Calcisol in Navarre, in northeast Spain provided an ideal location to reevaluate those SQ indicators after three years of irrigated management. The Soil Management Assessment Framework (SMAF) was used to test our hypothesis that adopting irrigation could change the sensitivity and importance of non-irrigated SQ indicators. Several soil physical, chemical, and biological indicators along with crop yields were used to evaluate SQ three years after initiating irrigation on a long-term conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT) and no-tillage (NT) study where either barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) or wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) was being grown. The results confirmed our hypothesis that irrigation would change the relative importance of various SQ indicators and suggested that some SMAF algorithms, such as those used to assess bulk density, needed to be recalibrated for these Mediterranean soils.

Suggested Citation

  • Marcos Apesteguía & Iñigo Virto & Luis Orcaray & Paloma Bescansa & Alberto Enrique & María José Imaz & Douglas L. Karlen, 2017. "Tillage Effects on Soil Quality after Three Years of Irrigation in Northern Spain," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-20, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:9:y:2017:i:8:p:1476-:d:109037
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Karlen, D. L. & Hurley, E. & Andrews, S & Cambardella, C. & Meek, M. & Duffy, Michael & Mallarenio, A., 2006. "Crop Rotation Effects on Soil Quality at Three Northern Corn/Soybean Locations," Staff General Research Papers Archive 12580, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    2. McDowell, R.W. & van der Weerden, T.J. & Campbell, J., 2011. "Nutrient losses associated with irrigation, intensification and management of land use: A study of large scale irrigation in North Otago, New Zealand," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 98(5), pages 877-885, March.
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    1. Felicia Cheţan & Teodor Rusu & Roxana Elena Călugăr & Cornel Chețan & Alina Şimon & Adrian Ceclan & Marius Bărdaș & Olimpia Smaranda Mintaș, 2022. "Research on the Interdependence Linkages between Soil Tillage Systems and Climate Factors on Maize Crop," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-14, October.
    2. Maurice Osewe & Chris Miyinzi Mwungu & Aijun Liu, 2020. "Does Minimum Tillage Improve Smallholder Farmers’ Welfare? Evidence from Southern Tanzania," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-12, December.
    3. Ana Simoes-Mota & Rosa Maria Poch & Alberto Enrique & Luis Orcaray & Iñigo Virto, 2021. "Soil Quality Assessment after 25 Years of Sewage Sludge vs. Mineral Fertilization in a Calcareous Soil," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-20, July.

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