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Evaluation of the Effects of Mitigation on Methane and Ammonia Production by Using Origanum vulgare L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. Essential Oils on in Vitro Rumen Fermentation Systems

Author

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  • Gabriella Cobellis

    (Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, via S. Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy)

  • Alessandro Petrozzi

    (CIRIAF, Interuniversity Research Centre on Pollution and Environment "Mauro Felli", via G. Duranti 67, 06125 Perugia, Italy)

  • Claudio Forte

    (Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, via S. Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy)

  • Gabriele Acuti

    (Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, via S. Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy)

  • Mara Orrù

    (Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, via S. Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy)

  • Maria Carla Marcotullio

    (Department of Pharmacy, University of Perugia, via A. Fabretti 48, 06123 Perugia, Italy)

  • Andrea Aquino

    (CIRIAF, Interuniversity Research Centre on Pollution and Environment "Mauro Felli", via G. Duranti 67, 06125 Perugia, Italy)

  • Andrea Nicolini

    (CIRIAF, Interuniversity Research Centre on Pollution and Environment "Mauro Felli", via G. Duranti 67, 06125 Perugia, Italy)

  • Valentina Mazza

    (CIRIAF, Interuniversity Research Centre on Pollution and Environment "Mauro Felli", via G. Duranti 67, 06125 Perugia, Italy)

  • Massimo Trabalza-Marinucci

    (Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, via S. Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy)

Abstract

The effects of increasing concentrations of oregano ( Origanum vulgare L.) and rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis L.) essentials oil (EO) on ruminal gas emissions were tested in vitro using 50 mL serum bottles. Each bottle contained a 200 mg substrate (alfalfa hay and corn meal 1:1) and a 20 mL solution composed of a buffered medium and rumen fluid (1:2). The percentage of ruminal fermentation products was quantified by an infrared analyzer. The reduction of total gas production was 6% and 9% respectively when using the 1.5 and 2.0 g/L oregano EO measurements. The reduction of methane production was 55%, 72% and 71% respectively with regard to the 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g/L oregano EO doses, while rosemary EO (2.0 g/L) reduced the methane production by 9%. The production of ammonia was significantly reduced (59%–78%) by all treatments with the exception of rosemary EO at the lowest dose. Dry matter and neutral detergent fiber degradability was reduced by most of the treatments (respectively 4%–9% and 8%–24%). The total volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration was markedly decreased by oregano EO and was not affected by rosemary EO. Both EOs mitigated rumen fermentations, but oregano EO gave rise to the highest reduction in methane and ammonia production. However, further research is needed to evaluate the use of these essential oils as dietary supplements by taking into account the negative effects on feed degradability.

Suggested Citation

  • Gabriella Cobellis & Alessandro Petrozzi & Claudio Forte & Gabriele Acuti & Mara Orrù & Maria Carla Marcotullio & Andrea Aquino & Andrea Nicolini & Valentina Mazza & Massimo Trabalza-Marinucci, 2015. "Evaluation of the Effects of Mitigation on Methane and Ammonia Production by Using Origanum vulgare L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. Essential Oils on in Vitro Rumen Fermentation Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(9), pages 1-14, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:7:y:2015:i:9:p:12856-12869:d:56000
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Franco Cotana & Antonio Messineo & Alessandro Petrozzi & Valentina Coccia & Gianluca Cavalaglio & Andrea Aquino, 2014. "Comparison of ORC Turbine and Stirling Engine to Produce Electricity from Gasified Poultry Waste," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 6(9), pages 1-16, August.
    2. Salata, F. & Coppi, M., 2014. "A first approach study on the desalination of sea water using heat transformers powered by solar ponds," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 611-618.
    3. Malgorzata Szumacher-Strabel & Adam Cieslak, 2012. "Dietary Possibilities to Mitigate Rumen Methane and Ammonia Production," Chapters, in: Guoxiang Liu (ed.), Greenhouse Gases - Capturing, Utilization and Reduction, IntechOpen.
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