The Impact of Transport Infrastructure on Sustainable Economic Development of Russian Regions

This paper examines the impact of transport infrastructure on the economic development of regions, with an emphasis on sustainable development. Econometric models were used for the analysis, including generalized models and models with fixed and random effects. An assessment of factors such as the number of cars and the inflow of foreign direct investment showed their significant positive impact on the GRP per capita. At the same time, the consumer price index and the number of buses showed a negative impact. The best results in considering the specifics of the regions were obtained when using models with fixed effects. The results of the study highlight the key role of transport infrastructure for economic growth and highlight the importance of integrating sustainable development principles into the planning and development of transport systems. Sustainable development requires increasing economic activity and minimizing negative environmental impacts and ensuring social justice. Embedding sustainability principles in transport planning is expected to contribute to the creation of balanced and environmentally friendly infrastructure solutions that will ensure long-term prosperity. The models developed in the study can become the basis for the development of recommendations for improving transport systems aimed at maintaining sustainable economic growth and environmental stability.