Enhancing the Sustainability of Retail Supply Chains Through an Integrated Industry 4.0 Model

Supply chain management in the retail sector faces numerous internal and external challenges, increasing the need to incorporate environmental and social indicators into performance evaluation. The aim of this study is to identify these challenges and propose solutions that reduce the negative environmental impact of retail companies and enhance their social responsibility by leveraging Industry 4.0 technologies. A review of the scientific literature reveals a lack of research focused on improving supply chain sustainability in the retail sector. Therefore, an expert study was conducted to identify five key barriers hindering the effective integration of digital innovations (e.g., Internet of Things, artificial intelligence) into retail logistics operations. Based on the insights from this study, an integrated model for enhancing supply chain sustainability was developed, grounded in circular economy principles and advanced Industry 4.0 technologies. This model supports retail companies in increasing supply chain resilience and sustainability by outlining measures ranging from problem diagnostics and data management to the implementation of automated solutions and the strengthening of personnel competencies. The application of the model aims to reduce environmental pollution, improve resource efficiency, and promote socially responsible practices throughout the supply chain.