A New Paradigm of Social Support: Circles of Support in Social Service Centers as a Tool for Systemic Change in Poland

This study examines the feasibility of implementing circles of support for persons with disabilities within social service centers in Poland as a systemic solution promoting community-based support. The research follows the action research approach, combining theory and practice through participant involvement, reflection, cooperation, and change-oriented actions to address analyzed problems. The authors developed and tested the model in two diverse municipalities, analyzing legal, financial, and organizational dimensions. Results demonstrate that circles of support are legally feasible and financially sustainable, with approximate annual costs per participant comparable across different organizational models. Main challenges include limited funding and staff, especially in rural areas. Despite this, the model supports deinstitutionalization and can improve social inclusion, independence, and quality of life for people with disabilities. The study highlights the need for stable funding, thorough staff training, and coordination of formal and informal support, offering practical recommendations for scaling up such services in Poland.