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Vocational Interventions to Improve Employment Participation of People with Psychosocial Disability, Autism and/or Intellectual Disability: A Systematic Review

Author

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  • Isabelle Weld-Blundell

    (Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Marissa Shields

    (Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Alexandra Devine

    (Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia)

  • Helen Dickinson

    (School of Business, University of New South Wales, Canberra 2610, Australia)

  • Anne Kavanagh

    (Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia)

  • Claudia Marck

    (Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia)

Abstract

Objective: To systematically review interventions aimed at improving employment participation of people with psychosocial disability, autism, and intellectual disability. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, ERIC, and ERC for studies published from 2010 to July 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of interventions aimed at increasing participation in open/competitive or non-competitive employment were eligible for inclusion. We included studies with adults with psychosocial disability autism and/or intellectual disability. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias II Tool. Data were qualitatively synthesized. Our review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020219192). Results: We included 26 RCTs: 23 targeted people with psychosocial disabilities ( n = 2465), 3 included people with autism ( n = 214), and none included people with intellectual disability. Risk of bias was high in 8 studies, moderate for 18, and low for none. There was evidence for a beneficial effect of Individual Placement and Support compared to control conditions in 10/11 studies. Among young adults with autism, there was some evidence for the benefit of Project SEARCH and ASD supports on open employment. Discussion: Gaps in the availability of high-quality evidence remain, undermining comparability and investment decisions in vocational interventions. Future studies should focus on improving quality and consistent measurement, especially for interventions targeting people with autism and/or intellectual disability.

Suggested Citation

  • Isabelle Weld-Blundell & Marissa Shields & Alexandra Devine & Helen Dickinson & Anne Kavanagh & Claudia Marck, 2021. "Vocational Interventions to Improve Employment Participation of People with Psychosocial Disability, Autism and/or Intellectual Disability: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-33, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:22:p:12083-:d:681432
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mithen, Johanna & Aitken, Zoe & Ziersch, Anne & Kavanagh, Anne M., 2015. "Inequalities in social capital and health between people with and without disabilities," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 26-35.
    2. Kavanagh, Anne M. & Aitken, Zoe & Baker, Emma & LaMontagne, Anthony D. & Milner, Allison & Bentley, Rebecca, 2016. "Housing tenure and affordability and mental health following disability acquisition in adulthood," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 225-232.
    3. Donald E Frederick & Tyler J VanderWeele, 2019. "Supported employment: Meta-analysis and review of randomized controlled trials of individual placement and support," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(2), pages 1-26, February.
    4. Mizunoya, Suguru & Mitra, Sophie, 2013. "Is There a Disability Gap in Employment Rates in Developing Countries?," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 28-43.
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