Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Carbon Dioxide Sequestration Technologies in China in the Context of Carbon Neutrality: Current Status, Development Potential, and Costs

With increasing global climate change, carbon neutrality has emerged as a common goal among the international community. In this study, we assessed the current status, development potential, and cost of carbon sequestration technology, proposing recommendations for strategic development. We adopted a comprehensive multi-method research strategy, including systematic literature analysis, case studies, and Bayesian fuzzy assessment, to analyze 13 large-scale carbon capture, utilization, and storage demonstration projects in China that include carbon sequestration segments. In addition, we conducted a comprehensive assessment of seven major carbon sequestration technologies. Hydrate-based carbon sequestration technology showed the highest overall carbon sequestration potential among the technologies. Although still in the initial research stage, this technology has significant sequestration and utilization potential, positioning it as a key focus for future development. Accordingly, we recommend increasing R&D investments to accelerate technology maturation. In terms of cost optimization, we highlight the need to focus on site costs, as well as injection and production, and to reduce related costs through technological innovation. Additionally, we explore the conceptual meaning of carbon sequestration and clarify the involved pathways. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers and investors seeking to promote the development of carbon sequestration technology in China.