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Performance Enhancement of Solar Still Unit Using v-Corrugated Basin, Internal Reflecting Mirror, Flat-Plate Solar Collector and Nanofluids

Author

Listed:
  • Mostafa AbdEl-Rady Abu-Zeid

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt)

  • Yasser Elhenawy

    (Department of Mechanical Power Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
    School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
    Center of Excellence in Membrane-Based Water Desalination Technology for Testing and Characterization (CEMTC), Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt)

  • Monica Toderaș

    (Faculty of Sciences, Oradea University, Universităţii Street No. 1, 410087 Oradea, Romania)

  • Mohamed Bassyouni

    (Center of Excellence in Membrane-Based Water Desalination Technology for Testing and Characterization (CEMTC), Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
    Faculty of Industry and Energy, East Port Said University of Technology, North Sinai 45632, Egypt)

  • Thokozani Majozi

    (School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa)

  • Osama A. Al-Qabandi

    (College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila 54200, Kuwait)

  • Sameh Said Kishk

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt)

Abstract

The conventional solar still (CSS) unit faces challenges such as low productivity ( P d ) and thermal efficiency ( η th ) due to the limited temperature difference between the hot water and the cold interior glass cover surfaces (ΔT w-gi ). This study addresses these issues by introducing enhancements in the CSS unit, incorporating a v-corrugated-type basin, internal reflecting mirror, flat-plate solar collector (FPSC) still, and FPSC nanofluids. A v-corrugated-type basin, internal reflecting mirror, FPSC still, and FPSC nanofluids elicited a significant improvement in the distillate productivity ( P d ) up to approximately 22.39%, 41.72%, 70.10%, and 104.13% compared to the CSS unit. This increase in the P d is attributed mainly to a notable raise in the ΔT w-gi , showing increments of around 34.33%, 52.32%, 77.37%, and 112.87% compared to the CSS unit. Moreover, a v-corrugated basin, internal reflecting mirror, FPSC still, and FPSC nanofluids substantially increased the average daily thermal efficiency ( η th ), around 22.01%, 26.71%, 39.57%, and 56.21%, respectively. The results confirmed that integrating the v-corrugated basin, internal reflecting mirror, FPSC still, and FPSC nanofluids within a combined seawater distillation system can significantly enhance the performance of the CSS unit. These different combinations effectively raised the basin water temperature ( T w ) and ΔT w-gi , consequently improving the overall performance of the solar still unit.

Suggested Citation

  • Mostafa AbdEl-Rady Abu-Zeid & Yasser Elhenawy & Monica Toderaș & Mohamed Bassyouni & Thokozani Majozi & Osama A. Al-Qabandi & Sameh Said Kishk, 2024. "Performance Enhancement of Solar Still Unit Using v-Corrugated Basin, Internal Reflecting Mirror, Flat-Plate Solar Collector and Nanofluids," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-23, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:2:p:655-:d:1317475
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shukla, S.K. & Sorayan, V.P.S., 2005. "Thermal modeling of solar stills: an experimental validation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 30(5), pages 683-699.
    2. Kabeel, A.E. & Hamed, A.M. & El-Agouz, S.A., 2010. "Cost analysis of different solar still configurations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(7), pages 2901-2908.
    3. Sardarabadi, Mohammad & Passandideh-Fard, Mohammad & Zeinali Heris, Saeed, 2014. "Experimental investigation of the effects of silica/water nanofluid on PV/T (photovoltaic thermal units)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 264-272.
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    1. Bilel Najlaoui & Abdullah Alghafis & Hussain Sadig & Eihab A. Raouf & Mohamed Alobaidi Hassen, 2025. "Multi-Objective Design Optimization and Experimental Investigation of a Low-Cost Solar Desalination System Under Al Qassim Climate," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-24, February.

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