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Possibilities of Improving the Emission Characteristics of Passenger Cars by Controlling the Concentration Levels of Combustion-Generated BTEX Components

Author

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  • Dragan Adamović

    (Department of Environmental Engineering and Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

  • Savka Adamović

    (Department of Graphic Engineering and Design, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

  • Zoran Čepić

    (Department of Environmental Engineering and Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

  • Slobodan Morača

    (Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

  • Aleksandra Mihailović

    (Department of Fundamentals Sciences, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

  • Ivan Mijailović

    (Chair of Preventive Engineering, Faculty of Occupational Safety, University of Niš, 18106 Niš, Serbia)

  • Milena Stošić

    (Department of Environmental Engineering and Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

Abstract

Replacing the alkyl lead derivatives with aromatic hydrocarbons and additives in modern reformulated fuels to improve internal combustion engine performance, lower fuel consumption, increase power, and improve emission characteristics have resulted in the emission of large quantities of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene) compounds into the atmospheric compartment. In this research, how the different working regimes of an experimental engine affect the BTEX compound concentration levels was observed to evaluate the quantities emitted during the movement of a passenger car in urban driving conditions. The target compounds were analyzed in exhaust gas samples using the Photovac Voyager-mobile GC (Waltham, MA, USA). This experimental research demonstrates that optimizing engine operational parameters significantly reduces the concentration levels of BTEX compounds in exhaust gas mixtures by adjusting specific working regimes, contributing to better emission characteristics and promoting sustainable transportation solutions. The most significant effect of the independent increase in air quantity in the feed mixture is realized through the decrease in concentration levels of toluene in the exhaust gas mixture of approximately 81%. A significant reduction in concentration levels is achieved with m,p-xylene (79%) and o-xylene (79%) as well, whilst the lowest effect has been noted with benzene (73%) and ethylbenzene (71%).

Suggested Citation

  • Dragan Adamović & Savka Adamović & Zoran Čepić & Slobodan Morača & Aleksandra Mihailović & Ivan Mijailović & Milena Stošić, 2024. "Possibilities of Improving the Emission Characteristics of Passenger Cars by Controlling the Concentration Levels of Combustion-Generated BTEX Components," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-24, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:24:p:11033-:d:1545000
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Augustyn Lorenc, 2025. "Predicting Fuel Consumption by Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Based on the Regular City Bus Lines," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-24, February.

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