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Optimizing Quality of Life of Vulnerable Students: The Impact of Physical Fitness, Self-Esteem, and Academic Performance: A Case Study of Saudi Arabia Universities

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  • Mohamed A. Zayed

    (Deanship of Student Affairs, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
    Department of Fitness, Gymnastics and Sports Show, Faculty of Physical Education, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21625, Egypt)

  • Mohamed A. Moustafa

    (Department of Management, School of Business, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia)

  • Musaddag Elrayah

    (Department of Management, School of Business, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia)

  • Ibrahim A. Elshaer

    (Department of Management, School of Business, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

This study aims to fill in a gap by examining how physical activities (PAs), feeling good about oneself physically, and academic performance (ACD_PRF) all work together to influence the overall quality of life (QoL) for vulnerable students. We examined data from 400 vulnerable students studying in various universities and major specializations. We employed the Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) data-analysis technique to test the validity and reliability of the outer model and to test the hypotheses used in the inner model. The research findings indicate that physical activities and physical self-esteem (PHS) can directly and indirectly improve vulnerable students’ QoL. However, among vulnerable students, ACD_PRF can only strengthen their QoL indirectly through improving their PHS. These findings help us to understand how physical activities, feeling good about one’s body, and ACD_PRF all contribute to these students having a better overall QoL. This knowledge can help us to develop better ways to support vulnerable students and to improve their well-being in all aspects of their lives, bodies, and ACD_PRF, which contributes to these students having a better overall QoL. This knowledge can help us to develop better ways to support students with disabilities (SwDs) and to improve their well-being in all aspects of their lives.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohamed A. Zayed & Mohamed A. Moustafa & Musaddag Elrayah & Ibrahim A. Elshaer, 2024. "Optimizing Quality of Life of Vulnerable Students: The Impact of Physical Fitness, Self-Esteem, and Academic Performance: A Case Study of Saudi Arabia Universities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-21, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:11:p:4646-:d:1405483
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Laura Redondo-Flórez & Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo & Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez, 2022. "Relationship between Physical Fitness and Academic Performance in University Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-9, November.
    2. Ana Barbosa & Stephen Whiting & Philippa Simmonds & Rodrigo Scotini Moreno & Romeu Mendes & João Breda, 2020. "Physical Activity and Academic Achievement: An Umbrella Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-29, August.
    3. Sumaira Kayani & Tayyaba Kiyani & Jin Wang & María Luisa Zagalaz Sánchez & Saima Kayani & Haroona Qurban, 2018. "Physical Activity and Academic Performance: The Mediating Effect of Self-Esteem and Depression," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-17, October.
    4. Helene Nikolajsen & Louise Fleng Sandal & Carsten Bogh Juhl & Jens Troelsen & Birgit Juul-Kristensen, 2021. "Barriers to, and Facilitators of, Exercising in Fitness Centres among Adults with and without Physical Disabilities: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-32, July.
    5. Xiangren Yi & You Fu & Ryan Burns & Meng Ding, 2019. "Weight Status, Physical Fitness, and Health-Related Quality of Life among Chinese Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-11, June.
    6. Aqeela Zahra & Muhammad Shehzad Hassan & Jae-Hyun Park & Sehar-un-Nisa Hassan & Nuzhat Parveen, 2022. "Role of Environmental Quality of Life in Physical Activity Status of Individuals with and without Physical Disabilities in Saudi Arabia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-11, April.
    7. Monecke, Armin & Leisch, Friedrich, 2012. "semPLS: Structural Equation Modeling Using Partial Least Squares," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 48(i03).
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    1. Easaw Alemayehu ASSEFA & Chehos Kebede ZENEBE, 2025. "Navigating the Campus: Accessibility Challenges for Students with Disabilities," Social Sciences and Education Research Review, Department of Communication, Journalism and Education Sciences, University of Craiova, vol. 12(1), pages 160-170, July.

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