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Evaluation of Annona diversifolia Seed Extract as A Natural Coagulant for Water Treatment

Author

Listed:
  • Ibrahim Muntaqa Tijjani Usman

    (Centre for Urban Resource Sustainability, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
    Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Bayero University Kano, Kano 700241, Nigeria)

  • Foo-Wei Lee

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering & Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long Campus, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Kajang 43200, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Yeek-Chia Ho

    (Centre for Urban Resource Sustainability, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia)

  • Han-Ping Khaw

    (Centre for Urban Resource Sustainability, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia)

  • Qi-Wen Chong

    (Centre for Urban Resource Sustainability, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia)

  • Yong-Ming Kee

    (Centre for Urban Resource Sustainability, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia)

  • Jun-Wei Lim

    (HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia)

  • Pau-Loke Show

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Shakhbout Bin Sultan St—Zone 1, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
    Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
    Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, Semenyih 43500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
    Department of Sustainable Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai 602105, India)

Abstract

The ever-present environmental crises are current research hotspots. Nature-based solutions have been shown to have multiple co-benefits toward solving these crises. Plant-based coagulants are known to be a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach for coagulation and flocculation processes for drinking-water treatment. In this study, a natural coagulant was extracted from Annona diversifolia seed, and its effectiveness was investigated for turbidity reduction using jar test in kaolin suspension, river water, and evaluation of factors for sludge dewatering. The characterisation studies of Annona diversifolia seed extract were carried out using techniques including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential analyser, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Response surface methodology (RSM) was also performed for the optimisation study. The results from FTIR showed that Annona diversifolia seed extract contains carboxyl and hydroxyl functional groups. The charge density was found to be negative. A web-like structure surface morphology was observed from TEM. The optimum treatment settings were found to be at pH 3 and a dosage of 25 mg/L for water treatment, and 50 mg/L for sludge dewatering, which were comparable to the metal–salts coagulants. Annona diversifolia seed extract has been shown to be a good natural coagulant. Further research can be conducted to modify and enhance its performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Ibrahim Muntaqa Tijjani Usman & Foo-Wei Lee & Yeek-Chia Ho & Han-Ping Khaw & Qi-Wen Chong & Yong-Ming Kee & Jun-Wei Lim & Pau-Loke Show, 2023. "Evaluation of Annona diversifolia Seed Extract as A Natural Coagulant for Water Treatment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-13, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:7:p:6324-:d:1117715
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    References listed on IDEAS

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