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Evaluation of Water-Energy-Food-Ecology System Development in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region from a Symbiotic Perspective and Analysis of Influencing Factors

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  • Shuyuan Liu

    (State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource & Hydropower, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
    Hydrology and Water Resources Department, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, No. 223, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China)

  • Lichuan Wang

    (State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
    State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

  • Jin Lin

    (Hydrology and Water Resources Department, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, No. 223, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China)

  • Huan Wang

    (Hydrology and Water Resources Department, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, No. 223, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China)

  • Xuegang Li

    (Hydrology and Water Resources Department, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, No. 223, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China)

  • Tianqi Ao

    (State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource & Hydropower, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China)

Abstract

Rapid economic and social development has created significant ecological and resource problems in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, making it necessary to identify ways of implementing sustainable regional development. The interactions between water, energy, food, and ecology are characterized by a high degree of relevance and complexity. In studying the relationships between the four systems in depth and choosing representative indicators for each system, a comprehensive development model of the water-energy-food-ecology (WEFE) system in the BTH region has been established. The coupling coordination degree model was used to analyze the coupling synergy relationship between the WEFE systems in the BTH region from 2001 to 2020. The primary contributing elements determining the development of linked synergy in the WEFE system were investigated using a gray correlation model. According to the findings, Beijing’s total coupling coordination development level shows a gradual upward trend and is in excellent coordination; Hebei has progressed the most, experiencing a significant change from little coordination to good coordination; and Tianjin has had the least improvement, only improving from basic to good coordination. The exploitation of water resources and ecological protection of the environment are the aspects that have the greatest impact on the WEFE system. Additionally, the linked and synergistic growth of the WEFE system in the BTH region is significantly influenced by economic, social, and technological advancements in the industrial and agricultural sectors. The coupling coordination development of regional WEFE systems, which takes into consideration the synergistic optimization of many subsystems, is provided by this study as a scientific foundation.

Suggested Citation

  • Shuyuan Liu & Lichuan Wang & Jin Lin & Huan Wang & Xuegang Li & Tianqi Ao, 2023. "Evaluation of Water-Energy-Food-Ecology System Development in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region from a Symbiotic Perspective and Analysis of Influencing Factors," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-19, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:6:p:5138-:d:1096934
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jialv Zhu & Wenxin Liu & Yingyue Sun, 2025. "Comparative Study of Water–Energy–Food–Ecology Coupling Coordination in Urban Agglomerations with Different Development Gradients," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-26, May.

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